Kankaew Sukanya, Briere Carrie-Ellen
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2025;50(1):9-17. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000001059. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
To explore the influence of maternal nutrition factors, including body mass index, nutritional supplementation, and dietary intake during the breastfeeding period, on macro and micronutrient composition in human milk.
We conducted a scoping review using the PRISMA-ScR checklist, initially identifying 5,984 original studies published in the English language from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science that presented findings on the association of maternal nutritional factors on human milk nutrient composition. After screening the title and abstract, we selected 69 studies for full review, including 3 studies found through checking reference lists. After full review, we included 23 studies in this scoping review.
Most studies found maternal body mass index and supplement consumption affected human milk macro and micronutrient composition, whereas inconsistent results were found on the relationship between maternal diet and human milk nutrients. Methodologies varied substantially across studies, especially for milk sample collection methods and maternal nutrition assessments.
Maternal nutrition factors may affect levels of human milk nutrients, requiring maternal nutrition monitoring during breastfeeding. However, given the considerable variability in the results between studies and methodological approaches, further studies should use standardized and validated procedures to strengthen the findings on this topic.
探讨母乳喂养期间母体营养因素，包括体重指数、营养补充剂及膳食摄入量，对母乳中常量营养素和微量营养素组成的影响。
我们使用PRISMA-ScR清单进行了一项范围综述，最初从PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中检索出5984项以英文发表的原始研究，这些研究呈现了母体营养因素与母乳营养成分之间关联的研究结果。在筛选标题和摘要后，我们选择了69项研究进行全文审查，其中包括通过查阅参考文献列表找到的3项研究。经过全文审查，我们在本范围综述中纳入了23项研究。
大多数研究发现母体体重指数和补充剂摄入会影响母乳中常量营养素和微量营养素的组成，而关于母体饮食与母乳营养素之间的关系，研究结果并不一致。各项研究的方法差异很大，尤其是在母乳样本采集方法和母体营养评估方面。
母体营养因素可能会影响母乳营养素水平，因此在母乳喂养期间需要对母体营养进行监测。然而，鉴于不同研究及方法学之间结果存在较大差异，未来研究应采用标准化和经过验证的程序，以强化关于该主题的研究结果。
