Vanvelk Héléne, Govaert Lynn, van den Berg Edwin M, De Meester Luc
Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute für Gewasserökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Berlin, Germany.
Ecol Lett. 2024 Nov;27(11):e70006. doi: 10.1111/ele.70006.
Most eco-evolutionary research focuses on ecological effects of single-species evolution. We, therefore, know little of eco-evolutionary dynamics when multiple species evolve simultaneously. We quantified evolution-mediated ecological effects in communities equivalent in genetic diversity and starting biomass, but different in selection background (heatwave exposure) of one or all four zooplankton species (three Daphnia and one Scapholeberis species). We observed transient eco-evolutionary effects that differed depending on which species in the community had evolved. Evolution did not always lead to higher abundances of the evolved species. Indirect effects on species abundances caused by evolution of another species could be as strong as direct effects mediated by its own evolution. The cumulative effect of evolution in multiple species was antagonistic for community composition and grazing pressure but additive for community-wide biomass. Our results imply that focusing on single species' evolutionary effects on ecology may lead to unreliable predictions when multiple species evolve simultaneously.
大多数生态进化研究聚焦于单一物种进化的生态效应。因此，对于多个物种同时进化时的生态进化动态，我们了解甚少。我们在遗传多样性和起始生物量相当，但一种或所有四种浮游动物物种（三种水蚤和一种船卵溞）的选择背景（热浪暴露）不同的群落中，量化了进化介导的生态效应。我们观察到了短暂的生态进化效应，其因群落中进化的物种不同而有所差异。进化并不总是导致进化物种的丰度增加。另一个物种的进化对物种丰度产生的间接影响可能与该物种自身进化介导的直接影响一样强烈。多个物种进化的累积效应在群落组成和放牧压力方面具有拮抗作用，但在群落整体生物量方面具有累加作用。我们的结果表明，当多个物种同时进化时，关注单一物种对生态的进化效应可能会导致不可靠的预测。
