意大利年轻及成年男性普通人群中HPV感染的患病率。

Grande Giuseppe, Graziani Andrea, De Toni Luca, Finocchi Federica, Presciutti Adriano, Corrò Sara, Ferlin Alberto, Garolla Andrea

Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Andrology. 2024 Dec 3. doi: 10.1111/andr.13817.

BACKGROUND

The most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the world has the human papillomavirus (HPV) as its etiological agent.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the prevalence of previous and actual HPV infection and the clinical manifestations in unselected males.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 718 males participating to a surveillance program were asked to complete a study visit at our unit, including semen collection, balanopreputial sulcus swab, and blood collection for total anti-HPV immunoglobulin G (IgG). When HPV-DNA was detected, we performed HPV fluorescence in situ hybridization, oral and anal swab, and penoscopy. Because previous studies demonstrated a very high risk for HPV infection in subjects with history of HPV-induced lesions, with a partner with diagnosed HPV infection or reporting couple infertility or sexual promiscuity and an increase of the risk in males having sex with males, in subjects with unprotected sexual intercourses or in heavy smokers, patients were therefore stratified according to the presence of these known risk factors (RFs).

RESULTS

Actual HPV infection was detected in 401/718 subjects (55.85%). Oral HPV-DNA was reported in 80 subjects and anal HPV infection in 52 subjects. Anti-HPV IgG antibodies have been detected in 288 subjects. The overall prevalence of HPV exposition, considering actual and/or previous infection was 77.99%. Among infected men, high-risk HPV genotypes were detected in 66.08%. A total of 514 subjects were considered as the RF population, while 150 were classified in the non-RF population. There was a significantly higher prevalence of condylomatosis (odds ratio [OR] 4.07) and of seminal infection (OR 6.22) in the RF group.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

These data represent an alert for the healthcare system to perform informative and screening campaigns for HPV infection in males and to promote HPV vaccination both in young people and for adult males with RF for HPV infections.

背景

世界上最常见的性传播疾病是以人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）作为病原体。

目的

评估未经过挑选的男性中既往和当前HPV感染的患病率以及临床表现。

材料与方法

共有718名参与监测项目的男性被要求到我们科室完成一次研究访视，包括精液采集、阴茎头包皮沟拭子采集以及采集血液检测总抗HPV免疫球蛋白G（IgG）。当检测到HPV-DNA时，我们进行了HPV荧光原位杂交、口腔和肛门拭子采集以及阴茎镜检查。由于既往研究表明，有HPV诱发病变病史、有诊断为HPV感染的性伴侣或报告有夫妻不育或性乱交史的受试者感染HPV的风险非常高，并且男男性行为者、有不安全性行为的受试者或重度吸烟者感染风险增加，因此根据这些已知风险因素（RFs）的存在对患者进行分层。

结果

在401/718名受试者（55.85%）中检测到当前HPV感染。80名受试者报告有口腔HPV-DNA，52名受试者有肛门HPV感染。在288名受试者中检测到抗HPV IgG抗体。考虑到当前和/或既往感染，HPV暴露的总体患病率为77.99%。在感染男性中，66.08%检测到高危HPV基因型。共有514名受试者被视为RF人群，而150名被归类为非RF人群。RF组中尖锐湿疣（优势比[OR]4.07）和精液感染（OR 6.22）的患病率显著更高。