Chen-Izu Ye, Banyasz Tamas, Shaw John A, Izu Leighton T
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Annu Rev Physiol. 2025 Feb;87(1):53-77. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104846. Epub 2025 Feb 3.
The Frank-Starling law and Anrep effect describe two intrinsic mechanisms that regulate contraction force in the heart. Based on recent advancements and the historical literature, we propose new perspectives and address several critical issues in this review. () The Frank-Starling mechanism and Anrep effect are dynamically linked and act synergistically. () An open question is how cardiomyocytes sense mechanical load and transduce to biochemical signals (called mechano-chemo-transduction or MCT) to regulate contraction in response to load changes. () One research focus is to identify various mechanosensors and decipher their downstream MCT pathways. () Innovative experimental techniques engage different mechanosensors that detect different local strain and stress in the cell architecture. () Closed-loop MCT feedback in the dynamic excitation-Ca2+ signaling-contraction system enables autoregulation of contraction in response to physiological load changes. () However, pathological overload such as volume and pressure overload lead to excessive MCT-Ca2+ gain, cardiac remodeling, and heart diseases.
弗兰克 - 斯塔林定律和安雷普效应描述了两种调节心脏收缩力的内在机制。基于近期的进展和历史文献，我们在本综述中提出了新的观点并解决了几个关键问题。（）弗兰克 - 斯塔林机制和安雷普效应是动态联系且协同作用的。（）一个悬而未决的问题是心肌细胞如何感知机械负荷并将其转化为生化信号（称为机械 - 化学转导或MCT）以响应负荷变化来调节收缩。（）一个研究重点是识别各种机械传感器并破译其下游的MCT途径。（）创新的实验技术涉及不同的机械传感器，这些传感器可检测细胞结构中不同的局部应变和应力。（）动态兴奋 - Ca2 +信号 - 收缩系统中的闭环MCT反馈能够响应生理负荷变化对收缩进行自动调节。（）然而，诸如容量和压力过载等病理性过载会导致MCT - Ca2 +过度增加、心脏重塑和心脏病。
