van der Spoel Evie, Cornet Saskia, Zutinic Ana, Ballieux Bart, Slagboom P Eline, Pijl Hanno, van Heemst Diana
Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Neuroendocrinology. 2025;115(1):1-12. doi: 10.1159/000542832. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
Depending on age, sex, and familial longevity, alterations in thyroid status occur frequently and often co-occur with differences in other hormonal axes. However, studies that explore the effects of thyroid status modulation on other hormonal axes remain scarce. We aimed to determine the effects of thyroid status modulation on prolactin, IGF-1, cortisol, LH, testosterone, and SHBG levels. We also explored whether effects differed depending on type of challenge, sex, and familial longevity.
Data were gathered from two single-arm challenge studies comprising an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mg recombinant human TSH (rhTSH, N = 29) or 100 µg T3 orally (N = 27) in healthy older individuals. Changes in hormone concentration profiles relative to baseline were determined for 4 and 5 days, respectively.
IGF-1 increased with a maximum of 6.3% (SEM = 1.6%, p = 0.002) in the rhTSH challenge and 8.8% (SEM = 1.6%, p < 0.001) in the T3 challenge, while LH (19.3% [SEM = 6.6%, p = 0.048]), testosterone (13.8% [SEM = 4.7%, p = 0.048]), and SHBG (11.8% [SEM = 3.5%, p = 0.02]) increased significantly in the T3 challenge only. Moreover, prolactin significantly decreased in both rhTSH and T3 challenges (-8.8% [SEM = 3.4%, p = 0.048] and -12.0% [3.3%, p = 0.004], respectively) as did cortisol (-14.8% [SEM = 3.6%, p < 0.001] and -15.6% [SEM = 3.5%, p < 0.001]). There was no significant interaction with type of challenge, sex, or familial longevity, except for prolactin in the rhTSH challenge (p = 0.004) which decreased significantly in men only.
Upon modulation of thyroid status, changes were observed in IGF-1, prolactin, and cortisol. In the T3 challenge, LH, testosterone, and SHBG increased in men. Observed changes are hypothesized to be driven by (f)T3.
Depending on age, sex, and familial longevity, alterations in thyroid status occur frequently and often co-occur with differences in other hormonal axes. However, studies that explore the effects of thyroid status modulation on other hormonal axes remain scarce. We aimed to determine the effects of thyroid status modulation on prolactin, IGF-1, cortisol, LH, testosterone, and SHBG levels. We also explored whether effects differed depending on type of challenge, sex, and familial longevity.
Data were gathered from two single-arm challenge studies comprising an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mg recombinant human TSH (rhTSH, N = 29) or 100 µg T3 orally (N = 27) in healthy older individuals. Changes in hormone concentration profiles relative to baseline were determined for 4 and 5 days, respectively.
IGF-1 increased with a maximum of 6.3% (SEM = 1.6%, p = 0.002) in the rhTSH challenge and 8.8% (SEM = 1.6%, p < 0.001) in the T3 challenge, while LH (19.3% [SEM = 6.6%, p = 0.048]), testosterone (13.8% [SEM = 4.7%, p = 0.048]), and SHBG (11.8% [SEM = 3.5%, p = 0.02]) increased significantly in the T3 challenge only. Moreover, prolactin significantly decreased in both rhTSH and T3 challenges (-8.8% [SEM = 3.4%, p = 0.048] and -12.0% [3.3%, p = 0.004], respectively) as did cortisol (-14.8% [SEM = 3.6%, p < 0.001] and -15.6% [SEM = 3.5%, p < 0.001]). There was no significant interaction with type of challenge, sex, or familial longevity, except for prolactin in the rhTSH challenge (p = 0.004) which decreased significantly in men only.
Upon modulation of thyroid status, changes were observed in IGF-1, prolactin, and cortisol. In the T3 challenge, LH, testosterone, and SHBG increased in men. Observed changes are hypothesized to be driven by (f)T3.
根据年龄、性别和家族寿命，甲状腺状态的改变经常发生，并且常常与其他激素轴的差异同时出现。然而，探索甲状腺状态调节对其他激素轴影响的研究仍然很少。我们旨在确定甲状腺状态调节对催乳素、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、皮质醇、促黄体生成素（LH）、睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）水平的影响。我们还探讨了这些影响是否因刺激类型、性别和家族寿命而异。
数据来自两项单臂刺激研究，分别对健康老年人进行肌肉注射0.1 mg重组人促甲状腺激素（rhTSH，N = 29）或口服100 μg T3（N = 27）。分别在4天和5天内测定相对于基线的激素浓度变化情况。
在rhTSH刺激中IGF-1最多增加6.3%（标准误 = 1.6%，p = 0.002），在T3刺激中增加8.8%（标准误 = 1.6%，p < 0.001），而仅在T3刺激中LH（19.3% [标准误 = 6.6%，p = 0.048]）、睾酮（13.8% [标准误 = 4.7%，p = 0.048]）和SHBG（11.8% [标准误 = 3.5%，p = 0.02]）显著增加。此外，在rhTSH和T3刺激中催乳素均显著降低（分别为-8.8% [标准误 = 3.4%，p = 0.048]和-12.0% [3.3%，p = 0.004]），皮质醇也是如此（-14.8% [标准误 = 3.6%，p < 0.001]和-15.6% [标准误 = 3.5%，p < 0.001]）。除了rhTSH刺激中的催乳素（p = 0.004）仅在男性中显著降低外，与刺激类型、性别或家族寿命均无显著交互作用。
调节甲状腺状态后，观察到IGF-1、催乳素和皮质醇发生了变化。在T3刺激中，男性的LH、睾酮和SHBG增加。据推测，观察到的变化是由（游离）T3驱动的。
根据年龄、性别和家族寿命，甲状腺状态的改变经常发生，并且常常与其他激素轴的差异同时出现。然而，探索甲状腺状态调节对其他激素轴影响的研究仍然很少。我们旨在确定甲状腺状态调节对催乳素、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、皮质醇、促黄体生成素（LH）、睾酮和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）水平的影响。我们还探讨了这些影响是否因刺激类型、性别和家族寿命而异。
数据来自两项单臂刺激研究，分别对健康老年人进行肌肉注射0.1 mg重组人促甲状腺激素（rhTSH，N = 29）或口服100 μg T3（N = 27）。分别在4天和5天内测定相对于基线的激素浓度变化情况。
在rhTSH刺激中IGF-1最多增加6.3%（标准误 = 1.6%，p = 0.002），在T3刺激中增加8.8%（标准误 = 1.6%，p < 0.001），而仅在T3刺激中LH（19.3% [标准误 = 6.6%，p = 0.048]）、睾酮（13.8% [标准误 = 4.7%，p = 0.048]）和SHBG（11.8% [标准误 = 3.5%，p = 0.02]）显著增加。此外，在rhTSH和T3刺激中催乳素均显著降低（分别为-8.8% [标准误 = 3.4%，p = 0.048]和-12.0% [3.3%，p = 0.004]），皮质醇也是如此（-14.8% [标准误 = 3.6%，p < 0.001]和-15.6% [标准误 = 3.5%，p < 0.001]）。除了rhTSH刺激中的催乳素（p = 0.004）仅在男性中显著降低外，与刺激类型、性别或家族寿命均无显著交互作用。
调节甲状腺状态后，观察到IGF-1、催乳素和皮质醇发生了变化。在T3刺激中，男性的LH、睾酮和SHBG增加。据推测，观察到的变化是由（游离）T3驱动的。
