Qiu Lan, Dai Qiang, Wang Yihong, Zhang Zejun, Yang Zhisong, Qi Dunwu, Gu Haijun, Gu Xiaodong, Yang Xuyu, Wei Wei
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China.
Conserv Biol. 2025 Jun;39(3):e14428. doi: 10.1111/cobi.14428. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is an escalating humanitarian issue and a conservation concern. In terms of protection and management, areas at high risk of HWC are not necessarily afforded the same resources as areas prioritized for protection. To improve allocation of limited protection resources and HWC mitigation efficiency, we determined management priorities based on HWC risk and people's attitudes toward wildlife around the Giant Panda National Park. We constructed an ensemble species distribution model with 1959 species' distribution loci and 337 conflict event records. This model was used to simulate the spatial distribution patterns of HWC risk and to evaluate the influence of diverse environmental factors. A survey of people's attitudes toward wildlife was conducted in 155 villages around the Giant Panda National Park. Priority areas for HWC management were concentrated near protected areas, where wildlife habitats and populations were recovering and expanding. We obtained 947 questionnaires, which showed that some residents were highly aware of conservation and had a high tolerance for wildlife, even when they were living in areas at high risk of HWC. However, people who had encountered conflicts with wild boar were more likely to have negative attitudes toward other wildlife, even giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Thus, HWC may lead to the generalization of negative attitudes toward wildlife conservation. In our study area, environmental (e.g., building fences and changing crop types) and social measures (e.g., insurance and ecocompensation) have been implemented to mitigate HWC. Our results can provide an important basis for the allocation of compensation resources and improvement of HWC management in areas of high conservation priority. Future studies should further explore how to develop more personalized HWC management plans based on the characteristics of different regions.
人与野生动物冲突（HWC）是一个不断升级的人道主义问题，也是一个保护方面的关注点。在保护和管理方面，人与野生动物冲突风险高的地区不一定能获得与优先保护地区相同的资源。为了提高有限保护资源的分配和人与野生动物冲突的缓解效率，我们根据人与野生动物冲突风险以及大熊猫国家公园周边居民对野生动物的态度确定了管理优先级。我们构建了一个综合物种分布模型，该模型包含1959个物种的分布位点和337条冲突事件记录。此模型用于模拟人与野生动物冲突风险的空间分布模式，并评估各种环境因素的影响。我们在大熊猫国家公园周边的155个村庄开展了居民对野生动物态度的调查。人与野生动物冲突管理的优先区域集中在保护区附近，这些地区野生动物栖息地和种群正在恢复和扩大。我们共获得947份问卷，结果显示一些居民具有较高的保护意识，对野生动物具有较高的容忍度，即使他们生活在人与野生动物冲突风险高的地区。然而，那些与野猪发生过冲突的人更有可能对其他野生动物，甚至大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）持负面态度。因此，人与野生动物冲突可能导致对野生动物保护的负面态度泛化。在我们的研究区域，已经实施了环境措施（如建造围栏和改变作物类型）和社会措施（如保险和生态补偿）来缓解人与野生动物冲突。我们的研究结果可为高保护优先级地区的补偿资源分配和人与野生动物冲突管理的改善提供重要依据。未来的研究应进一步探索如何根据不同地区的特点制定更具个性化的人与野生动物冲突管理计划。
