Ayinde Musa, Olufemi-Aworinde Kehinde, Joel-Medewase Victor, Aliu-Ayinde Medinat, Aworinde Olufemi, Adeyemi Adewale
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Aug 7;48:161. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.161.41605. eCollection 2024.
hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and a common cause of liver disease globally. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HBV after the age of viability.
the study was a cross-sectional study that involved 543 eligible consenting pregnant women and newborns of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers. A one-step rapid HBsAg strip was used to screen eligible patients for HBV infection. Venous blood sample (5mls) was taken from every HBsAg-positive woman for Hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg), Hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb), Hepatitis B core Antibody (HBcAb) and Hepatitis B surface Antibody (HBsAb). In addition, 2mls of cord blood was taken to assay for HBsAg and HBV DNA. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22.
of 543 pregnant women screened, 18 (3.3%) of them were HBsAg-positive with all of them testing negative for HBeAg. HBV DNA was detected in the cord blood of 4 (22.2%) new-borns delivered while 2 (11.1%) tested positive for HBsAg; the above finding indicated that only 4 of the neonates had detectable HBV DNA (>100copies/ml) in their cord blood.
findings from this study demonstrate a low prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women after the age of viability in Ogbomoso. HBV DNA analysis rather than HBsAg was shown to be more sensitive and specific in determining the risk of intrauterine infections.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是撒哈拉以南非洲地区一个严重的公共卫生问题，也是全球肝病的常见病因。本研究旨在确定存活年龄之后HBV的血清流行率以及母婴传播率。
本研究为横断面研究，纳入了543名符合条件且同意参与的孕妇及其乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）呈阳性的母亲所生的新生儿。使用一步式快速HBsAg试纸条对符合条件的患者进行HBV感染筛查。从每位HBsAg呈阳性的女性采集5毫升静脉血样本，检测乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）、乙型肝炎e抗体（HBeAb）、乙型肝炎核心抗体（HBcAb）和乙型肝炎表面抗体（HBsAb）。此外，采集2毫升脐带血检测HBsAg和HBV DNA。使用SPSS 22版软件对数据进行分析。
在筛查的543名孕妇中，18名（3.3%）HBsAg呈阳性，且所有这些孕妇的HBeAg检测均为阴性。在分娩的新生儿脐带血中，4名（22.2%）检测到HBV DNA，2名（11.1%）HBsAg检测呈阳性；上述结果表明，只有4名新生儿的脐带血中可检测到HBV DNA（>100拷贝/毫升）。
本研究结果表明，奥贡莫索地区存活年龄之后的孕妇中HBV感染率较低。在确定宫内感染风险方面，HBV DNA分析比HBsAg检测更敏感、更具特异性。
