Bock Joshua M, Vungarala Soumya, Sompalli Sreeja, Singh Prachi, Pavelko Kevin D, Kennedy Richard B, Somers Virend K
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Sleep Breath. 2024 Dec 4;29(1):44. doi: 10.1007/s11325-024-03201-2.
Experimental sleep disruption in healthy adults is more deleterious to immune function in females relative to males; however, it remains unknown if this translates to patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Thus, this study explored sex differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with untreated OSA.
Participants completed sleep studies to identify the presence of OSA via the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). PBMCs were isolated, cryopreserved, and batch phenotyped via mass cytometry.
Females with (n = 6, AHI = 25.9 ± 21.4 events/hr, age = 37 ± 14yrs, BMI = 30.5 ± 7.4 kg/m) and without (n = 9, AHI = 2.6 ± 1.6 events/hr, age = 35 ± 10yrs, BMI = 29.2 ± 6.3 kg/m) OSA were compared to males with (n = 7, AHI = 13.7 ± 8.5 events/hr, age = 33 ± 11yrs, BMI = 30.0 ± 4.8 kg/m) and without (n = 7, AHI = 2.6 ± 1.6 events/hr, age = 33 ± 10yrs, BMI = 28.9 ± 3.8 kg/m) OSA. No significant group-by-sex interactions were observed in CD3 T cells (p = 0.273), CD8 T cells (p = 0.656), B cells (p = 0.190), monocytes (p = 0.638), nor granulocytes (p = 0.267) expressed as a percent of their respective parent population. While the percentage of total NK cells did not differ between groups (group-by-sex p = 0.822), females with OSA had fewer CD57 (42.4 ± 14.7 vs. 62.4 ± 10.4%) and more CD57 (57.6 ± 14.7 vs. 37.6 ± 10.4%) NK cells than females without OSA (p < 0.050). No differences in CD57 (53.6 ± 18.1 vs. 44.9 ± 16.8%) and CD57 (46.4 ± 18.1 vs. 55.2 ± 19.8%) NK cells were observed between males (p = 0.283). Tregs were more prevalent in females with vs. females without OSA (2.17 ± 0.64 vs. 1.31 ± 0.41%, p = 0.006) with no difference between males (1.55 ± 0.50 vs. 1.71 ± 0.71%, p = 0.601).
Our data suggest that OSA increases the prevalence of cytotoxic NK cells and Tregs in females. The causes and downstream effects of these changes remain undetermined.
与男性相比，健康成年人的实验性睡眠中断对女性免疫功能的损害更大；然而，这是否适用于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者仍不清楚。因此，本研究探讨了未经治疗的OSA患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中的性别差异。
参与者完成睡眠研究，通过呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）确定是否存在OSA。分离PBMC，进行冷冻保存，并通过质谱流式细胞术进行批量表型分析。
将患有OSA（n = 6，AHI = 25.9±21.4次/小时，年龄 = 37±14岁，BMI = 30.5±7.4kg/m²）和未患有OSA（n = 9，AHI = 2.6±1.6次/小时，年龄 = 35±10岁，BMI = 29.2±6.3kg/m²）的女性与患有OSA（n = 7，AHI = 13.7±8.5次/小时，年龄 = 33±11岁，BMI = 30.0±4.8kg/m²）和未患有OSA（n = 7，AHI = 2.6±1.6次/小时，年龄 = 33±10岁，BMI = 28.9±3.8kg/m²）的男性进行比较。在以各自母细胞群体百分比表示的CD3 T细胞（p = 0.273）、CD8 T细胞（p = 0.656）、B细胞（p = 0.190）、单核细胞（p = 0.638）和粒细胞（p = 0.267）中，未观察到显著的组×性别交互作用。虽然各组间总NK细胞百分比无差异（组×性别p = 0.822），但患有OSA的女性CD57⁺NK细胞较少（42.4±14.7%对62.4±10.4%），CD57⁻NK细胞较多（57.6±14.7%对37.6±10.4%），而未患有OSA的女性则相反（p < 0.050）。男性之间CD57⁺NK细胞（53.6±18.1%对44.9±16.8%）和CD57⁻NK细胞（46.4±18.1%对55.2±19.8%）无差异（p = 0.283）。调节性T细胞（Tregs）在患有OSA的女性中比未患有OSA的女性更普遍（2.17±0.64%对1.31±0.41%，p = 0.006），而男性之间无差异（1.55±0.50%对1.71±0.71%，p = 0.601）。
我们的数据表明，OSA增加了女性细胞毒性NK细胞和Tregs的比例。这些变化的原因和下游效应仍未确定。
