Sharma Swati, Abdul Nishath Sayed, Shivakumar Sahana, Bhandary Srikala, Jethlia Ankur, Cervino Gabriele, Franco Rocco, Marrapodi Maria Maddalena, Minervini Giuseppe
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 Apr;26(2):311-319. doi: 10.1007/s40368-024-00973-9. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Bruxism is defined as the recurring muscular activity of the jaw, which is distinguished by the unconscious grinding or clenching of teeth or pushing and forcing of the lower jaw. The present study was conducted to assess sleep bruxism and its association with sleep quality, stress levels, and dental health in the paediatric population.
384 children aged 6-12 years were recruited for the study. Ethical approval from the institutional ethical committee and informed consent from parents and guardians were obtained. Children with systemic diseases, mental or developmental disorders, CNS-affecting medications, or those whose parents did not provide consent were not included. Bruxism was identified using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria through parental reports. Sleep quality and stress levels were assessed using AASM guidelines and the Perceived Stress Scale for Children (PSS-C). A chi-square test was applied to assess association, with a p value < 0.05 considered to be significant.
The number of siblings and the mother's education level were also significantly associated. It was found that sleep bruxism is significantly associated with all parameters of sleep quality except the usage of pillows. When stress levels among children were assessed, it was found that 60 (15.6%) children had very low stress, 131 (34.1%) children had low stress, 95 (24.7%) children had average stress, 92 (24%) children had high stress, and 6 (1.6%) children had a very high level of stress. A statistically highly significant (p = 0.001) association was found between bruxism and stress levels among children.
The results of the present study concluded that sleep bruxism was significantly linked with sleep quality and stress levels among children, which ultimately affect dental health.
磨牙症被定义为下颌反复出现的肌肉活动，其特征为无意识地磨牙或紧咬牙，或推动和用力咬合下颌。本研究旨在评估儿童群体中的睡眠磨牙症及其与睡眠质量、压力水平和口腔健康的关系。
招募了384名6至12岁的儿童参与本研究。获得了机构伦理委员会的伦理批准以及家长和监护人的知情同意。患有全身性疾病、精神或发育障碍、影响中枢神经系统的药物治疗的儿童，或其父母未提供同意的儿童未被纳入。通过家长报告，使用美国睡眠医学学会（AASM）标准确定磨牙症。使用AASM指南和儿童感知压力量表（PSS-C）评估睡眠质量和压力水平。应用卡方检验评估关联性，p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
兄弟姐妹数量和母亲的教育水平也存在显著关联。研究发现，睡眠磨牙症与睡眠质量的所有参数均显著相关，但与枕头的使用情况无关。在评估儿童的压力水平时，发现60名（15.6%）儿童压力极低，131名（34.1%）儿童压力低，95名（24.7%）儿童压力中等，92名（24%）儿童压力高，6名（1.6%）儿童压力极高。在儿童磨牙症与压力水平之间发现了具有统计学高度显著性（p = 0.001）的关联。
本研究结果得出结论，睡眠磨牙症与儿童的睡眠质量和压力水平显著相关，最终会影响口腔健康。
