Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Traugutta sq. 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Traugutta sq. 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 10;18(18):9544. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18189544.
(1) Background: Bruxism, a condition characterized by grinding and involuntary clenching of the teeth, is a risk factor for the development of masticatory dysfunction. It can occur together with sleep disturbances and may be associated with abnormal body movements, breathing difficulties, increased muscle activity, and heart rate disturbances. This disorder is becoming an important dental concern in children. (2) Methods: A literature review was carried out based on a search in PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles on bruxism in children, published between 2014 and 2021. The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bruxism in children were of particular interest in the study. (3) Results: A total of 40 articles were included in the review. The analyzed studies indicated that the prevalence rates of bruxism in children vary widely from 13% to 49%. The etiology of bruxism is complex and incomprehensible, and the main diagnostic criteria for this condition in children are subjective observation, clinical history, and clinical examination. The recommended therapy for sleep bruxism in children is physiotherapy and psychotherapy. (4) Conclusions: Dentists and primary care physicians should correctly diagnose bruxism in children, educate parents, prevent potential consequences for oral health, and identify possible comorbidities. Appropriate clinical guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of bruxism in children should also be developed.
(1) 背景：磨牙症是一种以牙齿研磨和不自觉紧咬为特征的病症，是咀嚼功能障碍发展的一个风险因素。它可能与睡眠障碍同时发生，并可能与异常的身体运动、呼吸困难、肌肉活动增加和心率紊乱有关。这种疾病在儿童中越来越成为一个重要的牙科关注点。
(2) 方法：根据 2014 年至 2021 年间在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 数据库中发表的关于儿童磨牙症的文章，进行了文献回顾。研究特别关注儿童磨牙症的病因、诊断和治疗。
(3) 结果：共纳入 40 篇文章进行综述。分析表明，儿童磨牙症的患病率差异很大，从 13%到 49%不等。磨牙症的病因复杂且难以理解，儿童磨牙症的主要诊断标准是主观观察、临床病史和临床检查。推荐的儿童睡眠磨牙症治疗方法是物理治疗和心理治疗。
(4) 结论：牙医和初级保健医生应正确诊断儿童磨牙症，教育家长，预防对口腔健康的潜在影响，并识别可能的合并症。还应制定针对儿童磨牙症治疗和预防的适当临床指南。
