Pervez Amjad, Mao Suyi, Lee Jaeyoung Jay, Hussain Muhammad
School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China.
School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China; Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy.
Accid Anal Prev. 2025 Mar;211:107873. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107873. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
In many low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan, young motorcyclists are overrepresented in crashes, primarily due to risky behaviors. To examine these behaviors, the Motorcycle Rider Behavior Questionnaire (MRBQ) has been modified for young motorcyclists in Pakistan to better capture the unique and culturally relevant behaviors affecting their safety. In addition, the study seeks to identify the factor structure of the MRBQ tailored for young motorcyclists in Pakistan, explore the determinants of self-reported incidents (i.e., crashes, near crashes, and violations), and provide effective policy recommendations to enhance road safety. For this purpose, data are collected from 721 young motorcyclists across Pakistan. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the underlying factor structure of the adapted MRBQ, while a multivariate binary probit model was employed to assess the determinants of self-reported incidents. The findings reveal a five-factor solution comprising safety violations, speeding violations, traffic errors, stunts, and control errors, which differ from previous studies. Notably, "safety violations" emerge as the most significant factor, highlighting the prevalence of risky behaviors among young motorcyclists in Pakistan. In addition, the study indicates that young motorcyclists with lower levels of education, lack a valid riding license, or ride motorcycles with higher engine capacities and for longer durations are more likely to experience crashes, near crashes, and violations. The MRBQ factors, particularly safety violations, speeding violations, and traffic errors, substantially increase the risk of these incidents among young motorcyclists in Pakistan. These findings highlight the importance of addressing both sociodemographic and MRBQ factors in reducing risky riding behaviors among this vulnerable group. The study also offers several policy recommendations to promote safe behaviors and reduce the risk of crashes and injuries among young motorcyclists in Pakistan and other regions with similar contexts.
在包括巴基斯坦在内的许多低收入和中等收入国家，年轻摩托车骑手在交通事故中所占比例过高，主要原因是危险行为。为了研究这些行为，针对巴基斯坦年轻摩托车骑手对《摩托车骑手行为问卷》（MRBQ）进行了修改，以更好地捕捉影响他们安全的独特且与文化相关的行为。此外，该研究旨在确定为巴基斯坦年轻摩托车骑手量身定制的MRBQ的因素结构，探索自我报告事件（即撞车、险些撞车和违规）的决定因素，并提供有效的政策建议以加强道路安全。为此，从巴基斯坦各地的721名年轻摩托车骑手中收集了数据。此外，进行了探索性因素分析以确定改编后的MRBQ的潜在因素结构，同时采用多元二元概率模型来评估自我报告事件的决定因素。研究结果揭示了一个由安全违规、超速违规、交通失误、特技表演和操控失误组成的五因素解决方案，这与先前的研究不同。值得注意的是，“安全违规”成为最显著的因素，凸显了巴基斯坦年轻摩托车骑手危险行为的普遍性。此外，研究表明，受教育程度较低、没有有效驾驶执照或驾驶发动机排量较大且骑行时间较长的年轻摩托车骑手更有可能发生撞车、险些撞车和违规行为。MRBQ因素，特别是安全违规、超速违规和交通失误，大幅增加了巴基斯坦年轻摩托车骑手发生这些事件的风险。这些发现凸显了在减少这一弱势群体的危险骑行行为方面解决社会人口因素和MRBQ因素的重要性。该研究还提供了几项政策建议，以促进安全行为并降低巴基斯坦以及其他类似背景地区年轻摩托车骑手的撞车和受伤风险。
