Stein Renee, Finnie Ramona K C, Harmon Stacy, Peng Yinan, Pritchard Chelsea, Vecsey Heather, Emmons Karen M, Hargarten Stephen, Simon Melissa A, Blanck Heidi M, Harris Diane M, Bellows Laura, Coleman-Jensen Alisha, Fleischhacker Sheila, Koenings Mallory M, Odoms-Young Angela, Seligman Hilary K, Grant Clint, Powell Amanda
Community Guide Program, Office of Scientific Evidence and Recommendations, Office of Science, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Community Guide Program, Office of Scientific Evidence and Recommendations, Office of Science, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2025 Mar;68(3):627-637. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.11.016. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
Food and nutrition security is crucial for health, but many U.S. households experience food insecurity. This systematic review conducted in support of the Community Preventive Services Task Force examines the effectiveness of Fruit and Vegetable Incentive programs in reducing food insecurity, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, and improving health outcomes among households with lower incomes.
Community Guide systematic review methods were applied. Studies were identified through a literature search (inception of each database to February 2023). U.S. studies were included if they evaluated programs offering participants financial incentives to purchase fruit and vegetables; were designed for or implemented among populations with lower incomes; reported health-related outcomes; and were published in English as peer-reviewed articles or government reports.
This review included 30 studies. Thirteen of 14 datapoints from 12 studies indicated FVI programs reduced household food insecurity. Twenty-one of 29 datapoints from 23 studies showed increased FV consumption. Programs providing incentives to participants at risk for or with diet-related health conditions improved blood glucose levels by a median of 0.64 percentage points.
Based on the review findings, the Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends Fruit and Vegetable Incentive programs for populations with lower incomes to reduce household food insecurity, increase household fruit and vegetable consumption, and improve blood glucose levels in participants at risk for or with diet-related health conditions. Although the review did not find direct evidence of reducing health disparities, the Community Preventive Services Task Force expects that these programs will improve health equity across the U.S. by improving the affordability and accessibility of healthier foods for households with lower incomes.
粮食和营养安全对健康至关重要，但许多美国家庭面临粮食不安全问题。这项为支持社区预防服务工作组而进行的系统评价，考察了果蔬激励计划在减少粮食不安全、增加果蔬消费以及改善低收入家庭健康结果方面的有效性。
采用了《社区指南》的系统评价方法。通过文献检索（各数据库建库至2023年2月）来确定研究。如果美国的研究评估了为参与者提供购买果蔬经济激励的计划；是针对低收入人群设计或在该人群中实施的；报告了与健康相关的结果；并且以英文发表为同行评审文章或政府报告，则纳入这些研究。
本评价纳入了30项研究。12项研究的14个数据点中有13个表明果蔬激励计划减少了家庭粮食不安全。23项研究的29个数据点中有21个显示果蔬消费量增加。为有饮食相关健康状况风险或患有饮食相关健康疾病的参与者提供激励的计划，使血糖水平中位数提高了0.64个百分点。
基于评价结果，社区预防服务工作组建议为低收入人群实施果蔬激励计划，以减少家庭粮食不安全、增加家庭果蔬消费，并改善有饮食相关健康状况风险或患有饮食相关健康疾病的参与者的血糖水平。尽管该评价未找到减少健康差距的直接证据，但社区预防服务工作组预计，这些计划将通过提高低收入家庭获得更健康食品的可承受性和可及性，改善全美的健康公平状况。
