Odoms-Young Angela, Brown Alison G M, Agurs-Collins Tanya, Glanz Karen
Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 Mar;119(3):850-861. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.019. Epub 2023 Dec 30.
Food insecurity and the lack of access to affordable, nutritious food are associated with poor dietary quality and an increased risk of diet-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Those of lower socioeconomic status and racial and ethnic minority groups experience higher rates of food insecurity, are more likely to live in under-resourced food environments, and continue to bear the greatest burden of diet-related chronic diseases in the United States. Despite the growing body of literature in this area, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the various pathways that link food insecurity and neighborhood food environments to racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in health and the most effective intervention strategies to address these disparities. To better understand the science in this area, the National Institutes of Health, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), convened a virtual 3-d workshop 21-23 September 2021: Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Environment, and Nutrition Health Disparities: State of the Science. The workshop brought together a diverse group of researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and federal partners with expertise in nutrition, the food environment, health and social policy, and behavioral and social sciences. The workshop had the following 3 research objectives: 1) summarize the state of the science and knowledge gaps related to food insecurity, neighborhood food environments, and nutrition health disparities, 2) identify research opportunities and strategies to address research gaps, and 3) examine evidence-based interventions and implementation approaches to address food insecurity and neighborhood food environments to promote health equity. This article summarizes workshop proceedings and describes research gaps and future opportunities that emerged from discussions.
粮食不安全以及无法获得价格合理的营养食品与不良的饮食质量以及饮食相关疾病（包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和某些类型的癌症）风险增加有关。社会经济地位较低的人群以及少数种族和族裔群体经历粮食不安全的比率更高，更有可能生活在资源匮乏的食品环境中，并且在美国仍然承受着与饮食相关的慢性病的最大负担。尽管该领域的文献越来越多，但我们对将粮食不安全和社区食品环境与健康方面的种族/族裔和社会经济差异联系起来的各种途径以及解决这些差异的最有效干预策略的理解仍存在重大差距。为了更好地了解该领域的科学，美国国立卫生研究院与疾病控制与预防中心以及美国农业部合作，于2021年9月21日至23日举办了一次虚拟的为期三天的研讨会：粮食不安全、社区食品环境与营养健康差异：科学现状。该研讨会汇集了一群在营养、食品环境、健康与社会政策以及行为和社会科学方面具有专业知识的不同研究人员、从业者、政策制定者和联邦合作伙伴。该研讨会有以下三个研究目标：1）总结与粮食不安全、社区食品环境和营养健康差异相关的科学现状和知识差距，2）确定解决研究差距的研究机会和策略，3）研究基于证据的干预措施和实施方法，以解决粮食不安全和社区食品环境问题，促进健康公平。本文总结了研讨会的议事情况，并描述了讨论中出现的研究差距和未来机会。
