The role of CAPS in Ca-regulated exocytosis: Promotion of vesicle tethering, priming, and fusion.

Neurotransmitter and neuromodulator release by Ca-regulated exocytosis is essential for information transmisson between cells. Formation of SNARE complex (soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) provide energy to bring vesicles and the plasma membranes together and catalyze membrane fusion. The "Ca-dependent activator protein for secretion" (CAPS) assumes a pivotal role in facilitating vesicle content release, not only in the nervous system but also in various other secretory tissues. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of the mechanism of CAPS regulating vesicle secretion. In this review, we summarize recent advances toward the functions and molecular mechanisms of CAPSs in vesicle exocytosis, and contemplate future research directions that will illuminate the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration.