Flodgren Gerd, Helleve Arnfinn, Selstø Annlaug, Fismen Anne-Siri, Blanchard Laurence, Rutter Harry, Klepp Knut-Inge
Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Obes Rev. 2025 Apr;26(4):e13874. doi: 10.1111/obr.13874. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Youth involvement in policy formulation may enhance its relevance, strengthen democratic practices, and contribute to youth development. This scoping review explored the nature, extent, and impact of adolescent involvement in policy processes aimed at improving adolescent health and well-being in the public health, education, and social work sectors.
Studies of adolescent involvement in policy processes focusing on health, and well-being, including obesity prevention were eligible. We searched seven databases, reference lists of included studies, and contacted key organizations. Standard scoping review methods were applied. The results were synthesized narratively, using descriptive statistics and visuals.
We included 33 mostly qualitative studies, mainly from the public health sector in the USA and Europe, focusing on diet, physical activity, health & well-being, or sexual and reproductive health. Adolescents were consulted or collaborated with, mostly in identifying problems or policy solutions and less often in agenda-setting, decision-making, and evaluation. Various facilitators were used to improve participation (e.g. training, adult facilitators, monetary compensation). Data on adolescents' experiences of involvement and the impact on policies were limited.
Due to a paucity of impact studies, we could not determine whether adolescent involvement increased the relevance of policies or improved adolescent development. The extent to which adolescents were meaningfully involved, and had a material effect on decision-making, was largely unclear. Improved documentation, monitoring, and evaluation of youth involvement in policy using quantitative methods and standardized frameworks, can improve the evidence-based, involvement practices, and decrease inequities.
青少年参与政策制定可能会提高政策的相关性，加强民主实践，并促进青少年发展。本综述探讨了青少年参与旨在改善公共卫生、教育和社会工作领域青少年健康与福祉的政策过程的性质、程度和影响。
符合条件的研究是关于青少年参与侧重于健康和福祉（包括预防肥胖）的政策过程的研究。我们检索了七个数据库、纳入研究的参考文献列表，并联系了关键组织。应用了标准的综述方法。结果采用描述性统计和可视化手段进行叙述性综合。
我们纳入了33项主要为定性研究，主要来自美国和欧洲的公共卫生部门，重点关注饮食、体育活动、健康与福祉或性与生殖健康。青少年大多是在确定问题或政策解决方案时被咨询或参与合作，而在议程设定、决策和评估方面参与较少。采用了各种促进因素来提高参与度（如培训、成人促进者、金钱补偿）。关于青少年参与经历及其对政策影响的数据有限。
由于缺乏影响研究，我们无法确定青少年参与是否提高了政策的相关性或改善了青少年发展。青少年有意义地参与并对决策产生实质性影响的程度在很大程度上尚不清楚。使用定量方法和标准化框架改进对青少年参与政策的记录、监测和评估，可以改善基于证据的参与实践，并减少不平等现象。
