Sawada Akinari, Imai Takumi, Ihara Yasutaka, Tanaka Fumio, Fujiwara Yasuhiro
Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Clinical and Translational Research Center, Kobe University Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
Allergol Int. 2025 Apr;74(2):292-300. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2024.10.007. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (non-EoE EGIDs) are allergic conditions where Th-2-predominant inflammation causes symptoms related to gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. No studies have reported the incidence of non-EoE EGIDs. In addition, little is known about the influence of lifestyle factors on the condition.
We used a large health claim database from January 2005 to September 2022. Non-EoE EGIDs cases were identified on the basis of the International Classification of Diseases-tenth Revision code, K52.8. The incidence and prevalence of non-EoE EGIDs were estimated by Poisson and binomial distribution, respectively. For each case, 10 controls were randomly selected for a nested case-control study to identify potential risk factors of non-EoE EGIDs.
Of 15,200,895 individuals, 1,368 new cases of non-EoE EGIDs were identified. The incidence and prevalence of non-EoE EGIDs in 2022 were 3.07 (95% CI 2.67-3.52) per 100,000 person-years and 17.23 (95% CI 16.38-18.11) per 100,000 individuals, respectively, which were approximately 6 and 9 times higher than those in 2010. Allergic rhinitis (OR 1.63 (95% CI 1.16-2.29), p = 0.005), chronic sinusitis (OR 2.41 (95% CI 1.58-3.66), p < 0.001), and urticaria (OR 2.32 (95% CI 1.45-3.70), p < 0.001) were related to an increased risk of adult non-EoE EGIDs. Whilst atopic dermatitis (OR 2.28 (95% CI 1.35-3.86), p = 0.006) and the perinatal factors (OR 3.68 (95% CI 1.13-12.02), p = 0.031) were associated with an increased risk of pediatric non-EoE EGIDs. No association was seen with lifestyle factors such as obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption.
The incidence and prevalence of non-EoE EGIDs have increased over the past two decades.
非食管嗜酸性粒细胞性胃肠疾病（non-EoE EGIDs）是一类过敏性疾病，其中以Th-2为主导的炎症会引发与胃肠道功能障碍相关的症状。尚无研究报道过non-EoE EGIDs的发病率。此外，关于生活方式因素对该病的影响也知之甚少。
我们使用了一个涵盖2005年1月至2022年9月的大型健康保险索赔数据库。根据国际疾病分类第十版代码K52.8确定non-EoE EGIDs病例。分别通过泊松分布和二项分布估算non-EoE EGIDs的发病率和患病率。对于每个病例，随机选择10名对照进行巢式病例对照研究，以确定non-EoE EGIDs的潜在风险因素。
在15200895名个体中，共识别出1368例新的non-EoE EGIDs病例。2022年non-EoE EGIDs的发病率和患病率分别为每10万人年3.07（95%置信区间2.67 - 3.52）和每10万人17.23（95%置信区间16.38 - 18.11），分别约为2010年的6倍和9倍。变应性鼻炎（比值比1.63（95%置信区间1.16 - 2.29），p = 0.005）、慢性鼻窦炎（比值比2.41（95%置信区间1.58 - 3.66），p < 0.001）和荨麻疹（比值比2.32（95%置信区间1.45 - 3.70），p < 0.001）与成人non-EoE EGIDs风险增加相关。而特应性皮炎（比值比2.28（95%置信区间1.35 - 3.86），p = 0.006）和围产期因素（比值比3.68（95%置信区间`1.13 - 12.02），p = 0.031）与儿童non-EoE EGIDs风险增加相关。未发现与肥胖、吸烟和饮酒等生活方式因素存在关联。
在过去二十年中，non-EoE EGIDs的发病率和患病率有所上升。
