Schuessler R B, Boineau J P, Wylds A C, Hill D A, Miller C B, Roeske W R
Am J Physiol. 1986 Apr;250(4 Pt 2):H630-44. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1986.250.4.H630.
In open-chest dogs, right- and left-sided cardiac nerves were stimulated to determine their effect on heart rate, rhythm, and pacemaker location. The majority of the nerves produced chronotropic changes; 72% of the induced rhythms originated from within the atrial pacemaker complex. Ten percent of the stimulations produced an atrio-ventricular (AV) nodal rhythm; most of the time this was induced by the left posterior and anterior ansae and ventrolateral nerves. The dominance of a lateral right atrial pacemaker was observed in 8% of the stimulations; the dorsal cardiac and innominate nerves induced this rhythm the majority of the time. The general trend was for a cranial shift in the location of the pacemaker within the pacemaker complex with sympathetic stimulation and a caudal shift with parasympathetic stimulation. Exceptions to the pattern may be explained by the preferential effect of the nerves on the pacemakers in the right atrium. The study demonstrates, in the canine model, that in addition to the sinus and AV nodes, there is a system of pacemakers controlled by the cardiac nerves.
在开胸犬中，刺激右侧和左侧心脏神经，以确定它们对心率、心律和起搏点位置的影响。大多数神经产生变时性变化；72%的诱发节律起源于心房起搏复合体内部。10%的刺激产生房室（AV）结性节律；大多数情况下，这是由左后和前袢以及腹外侧神经诱发的。在8%的刺激中观察到右侧心房外侧起搏点占优势；大多数情况下，背侧心脏神经和无名神经诱发这种节律。一般趋势是，交感神经刺激时起搏点在起搏复合体内的位置向头侧移动，副交感神经刺激时向尾侧移动。该模式的例外情况可能是由于神经对右心房起搏点的优先作用。该研究在犬模型中表明，除了窦房结和房室结外，还存在一个由心脏神经控制的起搏点系统。
