Pries Alissa M, Feeley Alison, Kupka Roland
UNICEF East Asia Pacific Regional Office, Bangkok, Thailand.
Matern Child Nutr. 2025 Apr;21(2):e13774. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13774. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Adolescence is a period of tremendous physical and neurophysiological change, and today's rapidly changing food system has implications for adolescent nutritional and health outcomes. Ensuring nutritious diets during adolescence requires evidence on what is being consumed by adolescent boys and girls, however, little is known about the dietary patterns among this age group. This study assessed the prevalence of food group consumption and indicators of diet quality among adolescents in the Southeast Asia region and compared these results to the adult population. Secondary analysis of the Gallup World Poll, a population-based survey, was performed using datasets from Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos PDR, the Philippines and Vietnam. Pooled analysis of nine diet quality indicators was conducted among all adolescents 15-19 years of age (n = 479), with comparison to the adult population (n = 4589). Various unhealthy food groups were consumed by one-quarter to one-half of adolescents, with a greater proportion of adolescents consuming instant noodles, sweets, processed meats and salty snacks, as compared to adults. Just over one-third of adolescents (37.4%) consumed all five recommended food groups to meet dietary guidelines, almost two-thirds (62.6%) consumed sweet beverages and over three-quarters consumed unhealthy/ultra-processed foods (76.8%). Overall indicators of diet quality showed that Southeast Asian adolescents' diets were less healthy than adults. This is one of the first studies to explore the healthy and unhealthy aspects of diets among both adolescent boys and girls across the Southeast Asia region, with results indicating that diets are not nutritionally adequate.
青春期是身体和神经生理发生巨大变化的时期，而当今迅速变化的食物系统对青少年的营养和健康状况产生影响。在青春期确保营养饮食需要了解青少年男孩和女孩的饮食情况，然而，对于这个年龄段的饮食模式却知之甚少。本研究评估了东南亚地区青少年食物组消费的流行情况和饮食质量指标，并将这些结果与成年人群进行比较。利用柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、菲律宾和越南的数据集，对基于人群的盖洛普世界民意调查进行了二次分析。对所有15 - 19岁的青少年（n = 479）进行了九种饮食质量指标的汇总分析，并与成年人群（n = 4589）进行比较。四分之一到二分之一的青少年食用了各种不健康食物组，与成年人相比，食用方便面、糖果、加工肉类和咸味零食的青少年比例更高。略超过三分之一的青少年（37.4%）食用了所有五种推荐食物组以符合饮食指南，近三分之二（62.6%）的青少年饮用甜味饮料，超过四分之三的青少年食用不健康/超加工食品（76.8%）。饮食质量的总体指标表明，东南亚青少年的饮食不如成年人健康。这是首批探索东南亚地区青少年男孩和女孩饮食中健康和不健康方面的研究之一，结果表明饮食在营养上并不充足。
