Zhang Ruoqi, Chen Jiawei, Wang Mengru, Chen Zhengrong, Sun Hongpeng
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Dec 4;43(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00683-4.
Short-term exposure to air pollution has been demonstrated in previous studies to correlate with respiratory disease (RD) in children. Due to regional heterogeneity, our objective was to explore the correlation between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory ailments in children in Suzhou City from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2022, alongside assessing the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship.
We collected data on air pollutant levels and hospital admissions for childhood respiratory disease (RD) in Suzhou, China, from 2017 to 2022. We utilized a time-stratified case-crossover design along with a conditional logistic regression model to assess the short-term impacts of air pollutants on RD in children through stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis.
A total of 13,408 children with respiratory diseases were included in the study. The findings revealed significant associations between hospitalization for respiratory diseases in children and exposure to PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO. The maximum effect values (95%CI, best lag days) for each 10 µg/m increase in the concentrations of PM, PM, SO, and NO were as follows: 1.017 (1.003-1.031, lag0-2), 1.015 (1.004-1.026, lag0-2), 1.117 (1.001-1.247, lag0-1), and 1.036 (1.009-1.064, lag0-7). Additionally, the maximum effect value (95%CI, best lag days) for each 1 mg/m increase in CO concentration was found to be 1.267 1.017-1.579, lag0-7). Stratified analysis indicated that sex, season of admission, and stage of admission did not modify these correlations significantly; however, differential effects on various age groups and sexes were primarily observed among school-age and older children as well as boys.
The short-term exposure to PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO in Suzhou, China, exhibited a positive correlation with RD hospitalization. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse impacts of air pollutants on hospitalizations for childhood respiratory disease were mitigated compared to the period following the pandemic. Local governments should continue promoting decisions and measures for air pollution prevention and control to reduce further pollutant concentration, which is crucial for public health in reducing the burden of childhood respiratory diseases.
先前的研究已证明，儿童短期暴露于空气污染中与呼吸道疾病（RD）相关。由于区域异质性，我们的目标是探讨2017年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间，苏州市儿童短期暴露于环境空气污染与因呼吸道疾病住院之间的相关性，并评估新冠疫情对这种关系的影响。
我们收集了2017年至2022年中国苏州的空气污染物水平数据和儿童呼吸道疾病（RD）的住院数据。我们采用时间分层病例交叉设计以及条件逻辑回归模型，通过分层分析和敏感性分析评估空气污染物对儿童RD的短期影响。
该研究共纳入13408名患有呼吸道疾病的儿童。研究结果显示，儿童呼吸道疾病住院与暴露于PM、PM、SO、NO和CO之间存在显著关联。PM、PM、SO和NO浓度每增加10μg/m，其最大效应值（95%CI，最佳滞后天数）如下：1.017（（1.003 - 1.031，滞后0 - 2天）、1.015（1.004 - 1.026，滞后0 - 2天）、1.117（1.001 - 1.247，滞后0 - 1天）和1.036（1.009 - 1.064，滞后0 - 7天）。此外，CO浓度每增加1mg/m，其最大效应值（95%CI，最佳滞后天数）为1.267（1.017 - 1.579，滞后0 - 7天）。分层分析表明，性别、入院季节和入院阶段并未显著改变这些相关性；然而，主要在学龄儿童及以上儿童以及男孩中观察到对不同年龄组和性别的差异影响。
在中国苏州，短期暴露于PM、PM、SO、NO和CO与RD住院呈正相关。在新冠疫情之前，与疫情之后相比，空气污染物对儿童呼吸道疾病住院的不利影响有所减轻。地方政府应继续推动空气污染防治的决策和措施，以进一步降低污染物浓度，这对于减轻儿童呼吸道疾病负担、保障公众健康至关重要。
