巴勒斯坦大学生家庭燃料使用、吸烟与自我报告的变应性鼻炎患病率：一项横断面研究
Household fuel use, smoking and prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in university students in Palestine: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
El Sharif Nuha, Hnaihen Lana
机构信息
Faculty of Public Health, Al Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
出版信息
Front Allergy. 2024 Nov 20;5:1492213. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1492213. eCollection 2024.
PURPOSE
In Palestine, few studies investigated the prevalence of allergies and the factors associated with their occurrence. An online survey was conducted on health complex University students in Jerusalem to determine the prevalence of allergy rhinitis (AR) and its relationship with indoor environmental exposures.
METHODS
This study employed a modified online Google form of the Global Asthma Network's Adult Questionnaire. The data were reported as frequency and percentage. The chi-square test of independence was performed to investigate the association between AR diagnosis and other factors. Multivariable models were used to identify the independent risk factors for AR after adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
Data was collected from a total of 819 participants. The mean age of the participants was 20 ± 2 years and 78.1% ( = 640) were females. The AR diagnostic rate was 10.3%. In addition, having asthma and eczema were found to be substantially associated with AR. Additionally, a family history of AR and other allergens were major predictors of AR. The findings revealed that utilizing animal dung for heating increased the likelihood of AR fourfold (AOR = 4.870, -value = 0.004), whereas e-cigarette vaping increased the possibility of AR by 2.5 times. However, using natural gas for cooking was not significantly associated with AR, and participant age was only slightly associated with AR diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study found that the AR prevalence rate is low when compared to the same population in other countries. Genetics, biomass fuel consumption, and e-smoking are all significant risk factors for AR in Palestine. An awareness campaign must be developed to educate university students and the general public about the risks of smoking, indoor air pollution, respiratory disorders, and AR. Longitudinal research is required to discover whether these associations are only transient.
目的
在巴勒斯坦，很少有研究调查过敏症的患病率及其发生的相关因素。对耶路撒冷健康综合大学的学生进行了一项在线调查，以确定过敏性鼻炎（AR）的患病率及其与室内环境暴露的关系。
方法
本研究采用了全球哮喘网络成人问卷的改良在线谷歌表单。数据以频率和百分比形式报告。进行独立性卡方检验以研究AR诊断与其他因素之间的关联。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用多变量模型确定AR的独立危险因素。
结果
共收集了819名参与者的数据。参与者的平均年龄为20±2岁，78.1%（n = 640）为女性。AR诊断率为10.3%。此外，患有哮喘和湿疹与AR显著相关。此外，AR家族史和其他过敏原是AR的主要预测因素。研究结果显示，使用动物粪便取暖使患AR的可能性增加了四倍（调整后比值比[AOR]=4.870，P值=0.004），而吸电子烟使患AR的可能性增加了2.5倍。然而，使用天然气做饭与AR无显著关联，参与者年龄与AR诊断仅有轻微关联。
结论
我们的研究发现，与其他国家的同人群体相比，巴勒斯坦的AR患病率较低。遗传学、生物质燃料消耗和电子烟使用都是巴勒斯坦AR的重要危险因素。必须开展一场宣传运动，教育大学生和公众了解吸烟、室内空气污染、呼吸系统疾病和AR的风险。需要进行纵向研究以确定这些关联是否只是暂时的。
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