Lehr Dirk, Freund Henning, Sieland Bernhard, Kalon Lina, Berking Matthias, Riper Heleen, Ebert David Daniel
Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Leuphana University, Lueneburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Vinzenz Pallotti University, Vallendar, Germany.
Internet Interv. 2024 Nov 12;38:100787. doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100787. eCollection 2024 Dec.
To investigate the effectiveness of a guided, internet- and smartphone-based gratitude intervention on the transdiagnostic risk-factor 'repetitive negative thinking'. The multicomponent intervention integrates a variety of gratitude exercises, targeting the cognitive, emotional and behavioural facets of gratitude.
Two hundred adults with pronounced repetitive negative thinking were recruited from the general population. Participants were randomly assigned to either a four-session guided gratitude intervention () or waiting list (). The primary outcome was repetitive negative thinking three months after randomization, with exploratory assessments at six weeks and six months, the latter just for participants in the intervention group.
Following the intention-to-treat principle, by analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), the gratitude intervention group exhibited significantly lower levels of repetitive negative thinking than controls at three months, with = 0.66, [0.37, 0.94] maintained at six-month follow-up. Significant and meaningful beneficial effects were observed in symptoms of depression ( = 0.42) and generalized anxiety ( = 0.38). These effects were notably stronger in intervention completers who finished at least three sessions.
Results suggest that a multicomponent gratitude intervention is effective at reducing repetitive negative thinking. Multicomponent interventions may be a next step needed to fully realize the potential of gratitude interventions. Such interventions could expand the repertoire of transdiagnostic interventions, especially for repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, due to its positive connotations, gratitude is a candidate for an indirect intervention aimed at reducing the burden of depression in the general population.
The study is registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (approved primary register of the WHO) as DRKS00006825. The trial protocol can be assessed at: https://www.drks.de/.
探讨一种基于互联网和智能手机的引导式感恩干预对跨诊断风险因素“反复消极思维”的有效性。该多成分干预整合了多种感恩练习，针对感恩的认知、情感和行为方面。
从普通人群中招募了200名有明显反复消极思维的成年人。参与者被随机分配到四节引导式感恩干预组（ ）或候补名单组（ ）。主要结局是随机分组三个月后的反复消极思维，在六周和六个月时进行探索性评估，后者仅针对干预组的参与者。
遵循意向性分析原则，通过协方差分析（ANCOVA），感恩干预组在三个月时的反复消极思维水平显著低于对照组，在六个月随访时，效应量 = 0.66， [0.37, 0.94] 保持不变。在抑郁症状（ = 0.42）和广泛性焦虑症状（ = 0.38）方面观察到显著且有意义的有益效果。这些效果在至少完成三节课程的干预完成者中尤为明显。
结果表明，多成分感恩干预在减少反复消极思维方面是有效的。多成分干预可能是充分实现感恩干预潜力所需的下一步。此类干预可以扩大跨诊断干预的范围，特别是针对反复消极思维。此外，由于其积极的内涵，感恩是一种旨在减轻普通人群抑郁负担的间接干预的候选方式。
该研究已在德国临床试验注册中心（世界卫生组织批准的主要注册机构）注册，注册号为DRKS00006825。试验方案可在以下网址查看：https://www.drks.de/ 。
