Kumari Renu, Singh Man
Central University of Gujarat Gandhinagar India
RSC Adv. 2024 Dec 4;14(52):38426-38458. doi: 10.1039/d4ra04808c. eCollection 2024 Dec 3.
In this work, 11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one (IQ), 7-nitro-11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one (NIQ), and 7-chloro-11-indeno[1,2-]quinoxalin-11-one (CIQ) as indenoquinoxalines (IQPs) and 7-nitro-2'-(4-nitrophenyl)-5',6',7',7a'-tetrahydrospiro[indeno[1,2-]quinoxaline-11,3'-pyrrolizine]-1',1'(2')-dicarbonitrile (SIQPNO) spiroheterocyclics were synthesized. These molecules photocatalytically reduced methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), brilliant blue R (BBR), and Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous acetonitrile (aq-ACN) under sunlight (SL) for the first time. The IQPs and SIQPNO with a lanthanide graphene oxide template (LGT) of lanthanide sulfide nanorods (LnS, CeS, TbS, and HoS) photocatalytically reduced the dyes. IQ alone reduced MB in ∼2 min, while with LaGT, CeGT, TbGT, and HoGT in 7, 10, 11, and 13 min, respectively. NIQ and CIQ alone photocatalytically reduced MB in 18 and 32 min, while with LaGT, CeGT, TbGT, and HoGT in 18, 31, 23, and 28 min and 33, 55, 45, and 51 min, respectively. IQ with CO photocatalytically reduced MB and QHIn in 90 s and 17 min unlike 2 and 24 min without CO, respectively. SIQPNO alone reduced MB in 190 min, while with CeGT, TbGT, HoGT, and LaGT in 242, 225, 197, and 88 min, respectively. IQ with LaGT photocatalytically reduced MB in 7 min, while SIQPNO with LaGT in 88 min. IQ received maximum photon () producing robust redox cycles (ROCs) compared to SIQPNO. SIQPI, SIQPII, SIQPIII, and SIQPNO (SIQPs) individually reduced MB in 95, 43, 54, and 190 min, while SIQPs with NIQ in 63, 35, 47, and 64 min, respectively. IQ with Fe scrap in ACN developed a single crystal in 2 weeks, while in 2 : 8, 3 : 7, 5 : 5, 7 : 3, and 8 : 2 aq-ACN media, the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) developed at normal temperature and pressure (NTP).
在本研究中，合成了11-茚并[1,2 - ]喹喔啉-11-酮（IQ）、7-硝基-11-茚并[1,2 - ]喹喔啉-11-酮（NIQ）和7-氯-11-茚并[1,2 - ]喹喔啉-11-酮（CIQ）作为茚并喹喔啉（IQP），以及7-硝基-2'-(4-硝基苯基)-5',6',7',7a'-四氢螺[茚并[1,2 - ]喹喔啉-11,3'-吡咯嗪]-1',1'(2')-二腈（SIQPNO）螺杂环化合物。这些分子首次在阳光（SL）下于乙腈水溶液（aq - ACN）中光催化还原亚甲基蓝（MB）、甲基橙（MO）、亮蓝R（BBR）和罗丹明B（RhB）。带有镧系硫化物纳米棒（LnS、CeS、TbS和HoS）的镧系氧化石墨烯模板（LGT）的IQP和SIQPNO光催化还原了这些染料。单独的IQ在约2分钟内还原MB，而与LaGT、CeGT、TbGT和HoGT分别在7、10、11和13分钟内还原MB。单独的NIQ和CIQ光催化还原MB分别需要18和32分钟，而与LaGT、CeGT、TbGT和HoGT分别在18、31、23和28分钟以及33、55、45和51分钟内还原MB。IQ与CO光催化还原MB和QHIn分别需要90秒和17分钟，而没有CO时分别需要2分钟和24分钟。单独的SIQPNO在190分钟内还原MB，而与CeGT、TbGT、HoGT和LaGT分别在242、225、197和88分钟内还原MB。IQ与LaGT光催化还原MB需要7分钟，而SIQPNO与LaGT光催化还原MB需要88分钟。与SIQPNO相比，IQ接收的光子最多，产生了强大的氧化还原循环（ROC）。SIQPI、SIQPII、SIQPIII和SIQPNO（SIQP）分别在95、43、54和190分钟内还原MB，而与NIQ的SIQP分别在63、35、47和64分钟内还原MB。IQ与乙腈中的铁屑在2周内形成单晶，而在2∶8、3∶7、5∶5、7∶3和8∶2的乙腈水溶液介质中，在常温常压（NTP）下形成磁性纳米颗粒（MNP）。
