Eom Seung Hee, Kim Eunhui, Hyun Tae Kyung
Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Sci Prog. 2024 Oct-Dec;107(4):368504241301533. doi: 10.1177/00368504241301533.
As sessile photoautotrophs, plants constantly encounter diverse environmental stresses. Recent research has focused on elucidating sugar and energy signaling mediated by hexokinase (HXK), sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1), and the target of rapamycin (TOR) and assessing its intricate interplay with hormones and secondary metabolism. HXK serves as a pivotal regulator of glucose sensing and metabolism. It affects plant growth and development in response to nutrient availability. SnRK1 acts as a vital energy sensor that regulates metabolic adjustments during stress to bolster plant resilience. Moreover, TOR integrates nutrient signals to finely modulate growth and development, balancing cellular metabolism and resource allocation. Understanding the functions of HXK, SnRK1, and TOR can provide profound insights into plant adaptation mechanisms and open promising avenues for leveraging biotechnological strategies to enhance the stress tolerance and nutritional value of crops. This narrative review focuses on recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms of HXK, SnRK1, and TOR and explores their potential applications in agricultural biotechnology.
作为固着性光合自养生物，植物不断面临各种环境胁迫。最近的研究集中在阐明由己糖激酶（HXK）、蔗糖非发酵1相关蛋白激酶1（SnRK1）和雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）介导的糖和能量信号传导，并评估其与激素和次生代谢的复杂相互作用。HXK是葡萄糖感知和代谢的关键调节因子。它根据养分可用性影响植物的生长和发育。SnRK1作为一种重要的能量传感器，在胁迫期间调节代谢调整以增强植物的恢复力。此外，TOR整合养分信号以精细调节生长和发育，平衡细胞代谢和资源分配。了解HXK、SnRK1和TOR的功能可以为植物适应机制提供深刻见解，并为利用生物技术策略提高作物的胁迫耐受性和营养价值开辟有前景的途径。本叙述性综述重点关注HXK、SnRK1和TOR分子机制的最新进展，并探讨它们在农业生物技术中的潜在应用。
