Ganie Parvaiz Ahmad, Posti Ravindra, Bharti Vidya Shree, Sehgal Vinay Kumar, Sarma Debajit, Pandey Pramod Kumar
ICAR - Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand- 263136, India.
ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400061, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Dec 5;197(1):29. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13240-7.
In regions characterized by mountainous landscapes, such as watersheds with high elevations, steep inclines, and rugged terrains, there exists an inherent susceptibility to water-induced soil erosion. This susceptibility underscores the importance of identifying areas prone to erosion to mitigate the loss of valuable natural resources and ensure their preservation over time. In response to this need, the current research employed a combination of four multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) models, namely TOPSIS-AHP, VIKOR-AHP, ARAS-AHP, and CODAS-AHP, for the identification of areas susceptible to soil erosion within the Himalayan River basin of Nandakini, Uttarakhand, India. This identification was facilitated through the utilization of remote sensing and geospatial technologies. The study considered a total of 19 prioritization parameters that included morphological, topo-hydrological, climatic, and environmental factors specific to the Nandakini catchment for the purpose of prioritization modeling. The adoption of morphometric parameters in depicting the geological structures and hydrodynamic behavior of the river basin proves to be a crucial approach in locales where hydrological data may be scarce. The investigation delineated twenty watersheds within the catchment by employing SRTM DEM, SOI toposheets, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), calculating the catchment's total area to be approximately 540.98 km. The analysis determined that the catchment is classified as a 6th-order catchment, exhibiting mainly a sub-dendritic to dendritic drainage pattern. It was identified that the catchment is vulnerable to flooding and subsequent gully erosion due to the slow movement of surface runoff. Furthermore, the catchment's elongated shape and the compactness coefficient suggest a delayed peak runoff. The drainage texture ranged from very coarse to coarse, and the relief characteristics highlighted that the watersheds within the catchment possess a high relief ratio, thereby increasing their erosion vulnerability. Topo-hydrological indices revealed significant topographic variability and spatial differences in water availability and erosion potential across the basin. The efficacy of the MCDM models was evaluated through the Spearman's correlation coefficient test, alongside indices of intensity and percentage of change, to validate the findings. The ARAS-AHP and CODAS-AHP models were found to exhibit superior efficiency and higher accuracy relative to the other methods assessed. The insights gained from the ARAS-AHP and CODAS-AHP models are instrumental in the development of strategies for sustainable catchment management plans and inform decision-making processes regarding water resources management within the catchment.
在以山区地貌为特征的地区，如海拔高、坡度陡、地形崎岖的流域，存在着因水引发土壤侵蚀的内在易发性。这种易发性凸显了识别易侵蚀区域的重要性，以减轻宝贵自然资源的损失，并确保其长期保护。为满足这一需求，当前研究采用了四种多准则决策（MCDM）模型的组合，即TOPSIS-AHP、VIKOR-AHP、ARAS-AHP和CODAS-AHP，用于识别印度北阿坎德邦南达基尼喜马拉雅河流域内易发生土壤侵蚀的区域。通过利用遥感和地理空间技术实现了这一识别。该研究总共考虑了19个优先级参数，包括南达基尼集水区特有的形态、地形水文、气候和环境因素，用于优先级建模。在水文数据可能稀缺的地区，采用形态测量参数来描述流域的地质结构和水动力行为被证明是一种关键方法。通过使用SRTM DEM、SOI地形图和地理信息系统（GIS），该调查在集水区内划定了20个流域，计算出集水区总面积约为540.98平方公里。分析确定该集水区被归类为六级集水区，主要呈现亚树枝状到树枝状的排水模式。研究发现，由于地表径流移动缓慢，该集水区容易发生洪水和随后的沟壑侵蚀。此外，集水区的细长形状和紧凑系数表明径流峰值延迟。排水纹理从非常粗糙到粗糙不等，地形特征突出表明集水区内的流域具有高起伏比，从而增加了它们的侵蚀脆弱性。地形水文指数揭示了整个流域在地形变异性、可用水量和侵蚀潜力方面存在显著的空间差异。通过斯皮尔曼相关系数检验以及强度和变化百分比指数对MCDM模型的有效性进行了评估，以验证研究结果。相对于评估的其他方法，发现ARAS-AHP和CODAS-AHP模型表现出更高的效率和更高的准确性。从ARAS-AHP和CODAS-AHP模型中获得的见解有助于制定可持续集水区管理计划的策略，并为集水区内水资源管理的决策过程提供信息。
