Saqr Aziz M, Ayilavarapu Srinivas, Gandhi Kavan, Lee Chun-Teh, Stylianou Popi
Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Diagnostics and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA.
J Periodontol. 2025 Jul;96(7):739-747. doi: 10.1002/JPER.24-0343. Epub 2024 Dec 5.
There is limited evidence on the effect of osseodensification drilling (OD) on alveolar ridge dimension changes and implant stability compared to standard drilling (SD). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of both drilling protocols on ridge dimensional changes and implant stability.
Fifteen patients were recruited for a total of 20 pairs of implants. Pre- and postdrilling ridge widths were measured at the crest and 5 and 10 mm apical to the crest, using a premarked surgical guide as a reference to standardize recordings. Following implant placement, insertion torque and implant stability quotients (ISQ) were recorded. ISQ were also recorded at 3, 6, and 12 weeks post-op. Six-month post-op changes in buccal bone thickness (BBT) were measured via pre-op and post-op cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) superimposition analysis.
Greater ridge width changes were observed at the crest and 5 mm apical from the crest, favoring OD, with no difference at 10 mm. When comparing BBT 6 months post-op, OD maintained BBT better than SD. Additionally, greater insertion torque, ISQ, and high implant stability (HIS) were observed following OD compared to SD.
OD results in greater ridge dimensional changes compared to SD following osteotomy preparation, predictably maintains BBT and reduces the risk of buccal dehiscence and resorption, obtains superior torque at placement, higher ISQ values, and a greater number of implants achieving HIS, which is maintained throughout the entire healing period.
与标准钻孔（SD）相比，关于骨致密化钻孔（OD）对牙槽嵴尺寸变化和种植体稳定性影响的证据有限。本研究的目的是比较两种钻孔方案对牙槽嵴尺寸变化和种植体稳定性的影响。
招募了15名患者，共植入20对种植体。使用预先标记的手术导板作为标准化记录的参考，在牙槽嵴顶以及牙槽嵴顶下方5毫米和10毫米处测量钻孔前后的牙槽嵴宽度。种植体植入后，记录植入扭矩和种植体稳定性商数（ISQ）。术后3周、6周和12周也记录ISQ。通过术前和术后锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）叠加分析测量术后6个月颊侧骨厚度（BBT）变化。
在牙槽嵴顶以及牙槽嵴顶下方5毫米处观察到更大的牙槽嵴宽度变化，更有利于骨致密化钻孔，在10毫米处无差异。比较术后6个月的颊侧骨厚度时，骨致密化钻孔比标准钻孔能更好地维持颊侧骨厚度。此外，与标准钻孔相比，骨致密化钻孔后观察到更大的植入扭矩、ISQ和高种植体稳定性（HIS）。
与截骨术后的标准钻孔相比，骨致密化钻孔导致更大的牙槽嵴尺寸变化，可预测地维持颊侧骨厚度并降低颊侧裂开和吸收的风险，在植入时获得更高的扭矩、更高的ISQ值，以及更多达到高种植体稳定性的种植体，且在整个愈合期都能维持。
