Takahashi Hiroki
Institute of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 5;19(12):e0313450. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313450. eCollection 2024.
While part-time employees constitute the primary workforce in the chain restaurant industry, their retention has become crucial in developed countries, especially Japan, due to labor shortages resulting from the declining birthrate and aging population. Analyzing employee reviews is an effective method for understanding factors that decrease employee satisfaction. However, while many analyses are focusing on full-time employees, there is insufficient analysis focusing on part-time employees, whose employment status and motivations differ from those of full-time employees. This study employs a Structural Topic Model to correlate latent topics from 4511 online text reviews with a 5-point scale of part-time employee satisfaction scores in Japanese chain restaurants. The study identifies 20 topics, including management systems and key employee interests. Especially digital communication and interview processes frequently appeared when satisfaction was low, which are unique to part-time employees in chain restaurants and had been overlooked in previous analyses. Further analysis links 20 topics to four 5-point scale HRM metrics (compensation satisfaction, workplace environment, motivation, and interpersonal relationships), enabling deeper analysis of the relationships between topics and HRM metrics. These insights contribute to the development of strategies to enhance part-time employee satisfaction in chain restaurants.
虽然兼职员工是连锁餐饮行业的主要劳动力，但由于出生率下降和人口老龄化导致劳动力短缺，在发达国家尤其是日本，留住他们变得至关重要。分析员工评价是了解降低员工满意度因素的有效方法。然而，尽管许多分析聚焦于全职员工，但针对兼职员工的分析不足，他们的就业状况和动机与全职员工不同。本研究采用结构化主题模型，将日本连锁餐厅4511条在线文本评价中的潜在主题与兼职员工满意度的5分制得分相关联。研究识别出20个主题，包括管理系统和关键员工利益。特别是当满意度较低时，数字沟通和面试流程频繁出现，这是连锁餐厅兼职员工所特有的，在以往分析中被忽视。进一步分析将20个主题与四个5分制的人力资源管理指标（薪酬满意度、工作场所环境、动机和人际关系）联系起来，从而能够更深入地分析主题与人力资源管理指标之间的关系。这些见解有助于制定提高连锁餐厅兼职员工满意度的策略。
