Nasueb Sopit, Kosiyaporn Hathairat, Cetthakrikul Nisachol, Adhibai Rujira, Thiphong Jiranun, Pumsutas Yanisa, Waleewong Orratai
International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Dec 5;4(12):e0004000. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004000. eCollection 2024.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the premature causes of death in Thailand especially among working age group. This study aims to examine the associations between work characteristics and NCDs, obesity, and behavioral risk factors in Bangkok, the Capital of Thailand. This study employed secondary data analysis of cross-sectional data from the Health Behavior of Population Survey 2021 by the National Statistical Office (NSO). The respondents who were 15-60 years old and resided in Bangkok were included in this study (n = 4,925). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics of work characteristics, and multiple logistic regression between working groups and behavioral risks adjusted with other demographic and socioeconomic variables. The study found that all workers showed a lower likelihood of reporting NCDs compared to the unemployed. Professional/administrative/managerial workers had 44% less chances of reporting NCDs compared to unemployed (AOR = 0.56; 95%CI = 0.43-0.75; P-value <0.001. All working groups showed a significant association with alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary intake. In particular, skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled workers, technicians, clerks, and service or sales workers were more likely to smoke and drink alcohol compared to those who were unemployed. Nevertheless, work characteristics did not affect the likelihood of inappropriate fruit and vegetable intake, insufficient physical activity, and sedentary behavior. The study found a link between work characteristics and NCDs in the working-age population, identifying specific work characteristics associated with behavioral risk factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking, and high dietary risk. The findings suggest a need for NCD prevention strategies targeting diverse workplaces such as smoking regulations, healthy canteens, and promoting opportunities for physical activity, with a regulatory focus on labor laws and policy incentives. Finally, disaggregated occupational data should be emphasis for effective monitoring and evaluation in NCD policy.
非传染性疾病（NCDs）是泰国过早死亡的原因之一，尤其是在工作年龄组人群中。本研究旨在探讨泰国首都曼谷的工作特征与非传染性疾病、肥胖及行为危险因素之间的关联。本研究采用了泰国国家统计局（NSO）2021年人口健康行为横断面数据的二次数据分析。本研究纳入了年龄在15至60岁之间且居住在曼谷的受访者（n = 4,925）。通过对工作特征进行描述性统计分析，并在调整了其他人口统计学和社会经济变量的情况下，对不同工作群体与行为风险因素之间进行多因素逻辑回归分析。研究发现，与失业者相比，所有在职人员报告患有非传染性疾病的可能性较低。与失业者相比，专业/行政/管理人员报告患有非传染性疾病的几率低44%（调整后比值比[AOR] = 0.56；95%置信区间[CI] = 0.43 - 0.75；P值<0.001）。所有工作群体都与饮酒、吸烟和饮食摄入存在显著关联。特别是，与失业者相比，熟练工人、半熟练工人、非熟练工人、技术人员、职员以及服务或销售人员吸烟和饮酒的可能性更高。然而，工作特征并未影响不适当的水果和蔬菜摄入量、体育活动不足以及久坐行为的可能性。该研究发现工作特征与工作年龄人群的非传染性疾病之间存在联系，确定了与饮酒、吸烟和高饮食风险等行为危险因素相关的特定工作特征。研究结果表明，需要针对不同工作场所制定非传染性疾病预防策略，如吸烟规定、健康食堂以及增加体育活动机会，并以劳动法和政策激励为监管重点。最后，应强调分类职业数据，以便对非传染性疾病政策进行有效的监测和评估。
