Ross Morgan Quinn, Campbell Scott W
School of Communication, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America.
School of Communication, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 5;19(12):e0311738. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311738. eCollection 2024.
Social interaction and solitude entail tradeoffs. Communicate Bond Belong (CBB) theory holds that social interaction can foster relatedness with others at the cost of social energy, whereas solitude can restore social energy at the cost of relatedness. The current study empirically tests this tradeoff of solitude and its implications for well-being by investigating different degrees of solitude. Less complete degrees of solitude (e.g., no interaction with others) were associated with more relatedness and restoration than more complete degrees of solitude (e.g., no interaction, no potential for it, and no engagement with media), speaking against a tradeoff. Solitude was less detrimental for well-being among individuals who perceived it to be associated with higher restoration and relatedness. Yet, this finding was independent of social energy expenditure, challenging CBB theory. Future work should consider motivations for solitude and longitudinal approaches.
社交互动和独处需要权衡。沟通、联结、归属（CBB）理论认为，社交互动可以以消耗社交能量为代价促进与他人的联系，而独处则可以以牺牲联系为代价恢复社交能量。当前的研究通过调查不同程度的独处，对这种独处的权衡及其对幸福感的影响进行了实证检验。与更完全程度的独处（例如，不与他人互动、没有互动的可能性且不接触媒体）相比，不太完全程度的独处（例如，不与他人互动）与更多的联系和恢复相关，这与权衡观点相悖。对于那些认为独处与更高的恢复和联系相关的个体来说，独处对幸福感的损害较小。然而，这一发现与社交能量消耗无关，对CBB理论提出了挑战。未来的研究应该考虑独处的动机和纵向研究方法。
