Fairclough Stephen H, Baker Christopher, Ogden Ruth, Barnes Rachel, Toothill Jessica
School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 5;19(12):e0313073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313073. eCollection 2024.
Humans' sense of the passage of time is subjective and determined by psychophysiological responses to the environment. The passing of time has been perceived to significantly slow in stressful situations, such as accidents or virtual threats. The current study will explore distortions in the perception of passage of time when threat is simulated using virtual reality (VR). 44 participants negotiated a large (13.6 × 8.4 m) virtual environment designed to maximise the realism of a physical threat by exposing participants to a virtual height of 200m. Subjective perception of passage of time and time estimation were used as independent variables, whereas the movement of participants, and ambulatory psychophysiology, e.g., electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate, served as dependent variables. The independent variables were examined in relation to the dependent variables through a regression analysis, which allowed for the identification of the specific weight of each variable. Our analyses revealed that passage of time was perceived to decrease (i.e., time slowed down) for those participants who exhibited the higher levels of skin conductance (SCL). It is argued that this finding can be explained by individual differences in self-regulatory strategies during the task and the effectiveness of VR as means to simulate threat.
人类对时间流逝的感知是主观的,且由对环境的心理生理反应所决定。在诸如事故或虚拟威胁等压力情境下,人们会感觉时间的流逝显著变慢。当前的研究将探索当使用虚拟现实(VR)模拟威胁时,时间流逝感知中的扭曲现象。44名参与者在一个大型(13.6×8.4米)虚拟环境中进行活动,该环境通过让参与者置身于200米的虚拟高度来最大化物理威胁的真实感。时间流逝的主观感知和时间估计被用作自变量,而参与者的移动以及动态心理生理指标,如皮肤电活动(EDA)、心率,则作为因变量。通过回归分析来检验自变量与因变量之间的关系,这使得能够确定每个变量的具体权重。我们的分析表明,对于那些皮肤电导水平(SCL)较高的参与者,他们感觉时间流逝减少了(即时间变慢了)。有人认为,这一发现可以通过任务期间自我调节策略的个体差异以及VR作为模拟威胁手段的有效性来解释。