Corlett J T
Ann Hum Biol. 1986 Jan-Feb;13(1):73-82. doi: 10.1080/03014468600008211.
Urban Tswana schoolchildren (721), aged 6 to 14 years, were measured for height, weight, triceps skinfold and upper arm circumference. Boys and girls at all ages exhibited mean heights and weights less than the 50th percentile values of American and British reference standards, with large numbers of children falling into the 10th percentile or lower based N.C.H.S. (National Center for Health Statistics) values. Weight-for-height percentile distributions did not show such large numbers in the lowest percentiles. Triceps skinfolds were smaller than those of British children and changed little in boys over the measured age range. Girls' skinfold values were more variable than boys', and in older girls approached British means. For both boys and girls, skinfolds showed a developmental pattern similar to those of other African children. Arm circumferences also developed as those of other urban African children, and by later ages were similar to those of British references. Differences between Batswana and Europeans may be due to smaller heights and weights of young Tswana adults when compared with their counterparts in developed countries, and also to growth tempo differences. Such tempo differences also exist between Batswana and other African groups.
对721名6至14岁的茨瓦纳城市学童进行了身高、体重、肱三头肌皮褶厚度和上臂围测量。所有年龄段的男孩和女孩的平均身高和体重均低于美国和英国参考标准的第50百分位数，大量儿童根据美国国家卫生统计中心（N.C.H.S.）的值处于第10百分位数或更低。身高别体重百分位数分布在最低百分位数中没有显示出如此多的人数。肱三头肌皮褶厚度比英国儿童小，并且在测量的年龄范围内男孩变化不大。女孩的皮褶厚度值比男孩更具变异性，年龄较大的女孩接近英国的平均值。对于男孩和女孩来说，皮褶厚度呈现出与其他非洲儿童相似的发育模式。上臂围也与其他城市非洲儿童一样发育，到较晚年龄时与英国参考值相似。茨瓦纳人与欧洲人之间的差异可能是由于茨瓦纳年轻成年人的身高和体重比发达国家的同龄人小，也可能是由于生长速度差异。这种速度差异在茨瓦纳人与其他非洲群体之间也存在。
