Shen Chao, Huang Junhua, Hu Shiqi, Chen Ying, Zhang Lingling, Yi Chu, Hu Xin, Chen Yaofei, Chen Lei, Liu Gui-Shi, Luo Yunhan
Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Mar 1;271:116992. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116992. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical fiber sensors are appealing for biomolecular detection due to their inherent characteristics such as flexibility, real-time performance, and high sensitivity. Concurrently, incorporating SPR sensors into wearable devices has emerged as a significant strategy. However, the majority of traditional SPR optical fiber sensors utilize spectrometers for optical readout, which leads to a relatively bulky overall size of the sensing system. Herein, we present the first optical fiber device capable of conducting sensitive SPR measurements and providing direct electronical readout. This has been achieved by integrating a hyperbolic-metamaterial SPR (HMM-SPR) sensor with an on-fiber graphene/PMMA photodetector (oFGPD). The HMM, composed of three pairs of Au/ZrO, has been employed to develop highly sensitive SPR sensors. The oFGPD, which was constructed by transferring a single layer of graphene onto a tapered fiber region and subsequently covering it with a PMMA protecting film, achieved a high responsivity of 3.42 × 10 A W (at 14.07 pW) and a rapid response time of approximately 90 ms at 1550 nm. More significantly, we have incorporated an SPR sensor based on a side-polished fiber (SPF) into the oFGPD, enabling an electronical readout technique for environmental refractive index (RI) SPR signals in a broad potential spectral range, from visible to near-infrared, all within a more compact device. This integration has been successfully validated in the detection of urea and glucose concentrations in artificial perspiration. This approach provides a novel direction for SPR sensor detection and establishes a solid foundation for their application in wearable technology.
表面等离子体共振（SPR）光纤传感器因其固有的特性，如柔韧性、实时性能和高灵敏度，在生物分子检测方面具有吸引力。同时，将SPR传感器集成到可穿戴设备中已成为一项重要策略。然而，大多数传统的SPR光纤传感器利用光谱仪进行光学读出，这导致传感系统的整体尺寸相对较大。在此，我们展示了首个能够进行灵敏SPR测量并提供直接电子读出的光纤器件。这是通过将双曲线超材料SPR（HMM-SPR）传感器与光纤上的石墨烯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯光电探测器（oFGPD）集成实现的。由三对Au/ZrO组成的HMM已被用于开发高灵敏度的SPR传感器。oFGPD是通过将单层石墨烯转移到锥形光纤区域，随后用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯保护膜覆盖而构建的，在1550nm处实现了3.42×10 A W（在14.07 pW时）的高响应度和约90 ms的快速响应时间。更重要的是，我们已将基于侧面抛磨光纤（SPF）的SPR传感器集成到oFGPD中，从而在一个更紧凑的器件中实现了在从可见光到近红外的宽潜在光谱范围内对环境折射率（RI）SPR信号的电子读出技术。这种集成已在人工汗液中尿素和葡萄糖浓度的检测中成功得到验证。这种方法为SPR传感器检测提供了一个新方向，并为其在可穿戴技术中的应用奠定了坚实基础。
