Tahasin Anika, Haydar Mafrid, Hossen Md Sabbir, Sadia Halima
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh.
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 9;10(20):e39067. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39067. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
North-Western section of Bangladesh is experiencing a protracted decrease in precipitation, irregular rainfall, and the depletion of ground water, which results in water scarcity and extreme dry weather that impedes the production of agricultural commodities and threatens the people's way of life. Analyzing the precipitation deficit and ground water deficit, along with vegetation cover, temperature condition, and the condition of the vegetation is a crucial component of drought vulnerability assessment. Rajshahi Zilla, a region of Bangladesh located in the middle of the Barind tract, is experiencing a severe water shortage. The irregular rainfall, decrease in rainfall, prolonged absence of rainfall and ground water depletion results in drought. This study aims to access the vulnerability of drought by analyzing precipitation rates, ground water depletion levels, temperature condition, vegetation condition and the vegetative droughts to find out the severe condition of droughts and the severe effects of this in the livelihoods of the farmers and their crop production practices. In this case the study focuses on determining NDVI, NDWI, NDMI, VCI, TCI, and VHI. The VHI results show a significant increase in extreme drought conditions from 2013 (4 %) to 2021 (7 %). By conducting a few questionnaire surveys and Focus Group Discussion the present situation of crop production and the livelihoods of people has been analyzed. Almost 18.3 % of farmers have made a permanent move away from agriculture, and 80 % of permanently relocated farmers report an improvement in their quality of life. Nearly 60 % of farmers believe that the construction of deep ditches has enhanced their crop yield. Once again, more than 20 % are in the same predicament as previously, with over 19 % reporting that deep irrigation has lowered agricultural yield. Comprehending the potential consequences of drought will enable planners and decision-makers to implement mitigation measures aimed at improving the communities' ability to manage drought risk. After analyzing data, it has been found that Rajshahi is facing a critical drought problem, which has led to water scarcity, severely affecting agricultural production and livelihoods.
孟加拉国西北部地区正经历着降水量持续减少、降雨不规则以及地下水枯竭的情况，这导致了水资源短缺和极端干旱天气，阻碍了农产品生产，并威胁到人们的生活方式。分析降水亏缺和地下水亏缺，以及植被覆盖、温度状况和植被状况，是干旱脆弱性评估的关键组成部分。孟加拉国拉杰沙希专区位于巴林德地区中部，正面临严重的水资源短缺。降雨不规则、降雨量减少、长时间无降雨以及地下水枯竭导致了干旱。本研究旨在通过分析降水率、地下水枯竭水平、温度状况、植被状况和植被干旱情况，来评估干旱脆弱性，以找出干旱的严重状况及其对农民生计和作物生产实践的严重影响。在这种情况下，研究重点是确定归一化植被指数（NDVI）、归一化水指数（NDWI）、归一化湿度指数（NDMI）、植被状况指数（VCI）、温度状况指数（TCI）和植被健康指数（VHI）。植被健康指数结果显示，极端干旱状况从2013年的4%显著增加到了2021年的7%。通过开展一些问卷调查和焦点小组讨论，分析了作物生产现状和人们的生计情况。近18.3%的农民已永久离开农业，80%永久搬迁的农民报告称生活质量有所改善。近60%的农民认为深挖沟渠提高了作物产量。再一次，超过20%的农民处于与之前相同的困境，超过19%的农民报告称深层灌溉降低了农业产量。了解干旱的潜在后果将使规划者和决策者能够实施缓解措施，以提高社区应对干旱风险的能力。分析数据后发现，拉杰沙希正面临严重的干旱问题，这已导致水资源短缺，严重影响了农业生产和生计。
