Xu Huajie, Zhao Xin, Zhang Peng, Zhang Yunjie, Zhou Qi, Wu Huibin, Fan Bing, Zhang Si, Wu Hongyi
Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 29;10(20):e38336. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38336. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Association of Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines with thrombosis has raised concerns among patients with coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD).
After vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, to detect thrombosis formation in atherosclerosis ApoE mice, and platelet activation, coagulation, the profile of prothrombotic antibodies, and the production of platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies in patients with CAD.
Atherosclerotic ApoE mice were immunized with saline or inactivated SARS-CoV vaccines. We investigated FeCl-induced thrombus formation , and thrombus formation under flow conditions . Inpatients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively enrolled and defined according to vaccination status. We evaluated coagulation by thrombelastograph (TEG), platelet activation makers by flow cytometry, PF4 antibody and antiphospholipid antibodies by ELISA, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody.
In atherosclerotic ApoE mice, FeCl-induced thrombus formation and thrombus formation under flow conditions were similar between saline-treated and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines-treated groups. A total of 182 patients undergoing PCI were included in the final analysis, of whom 92 had been vaccinated. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between unvaccinated and vaccinated groups. The expression of PAC-1 and P-selectin, the prevalence of positivity for PF4 antibodies and antiphospholipid antibodies were similar between these two groups.
Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines did not potentiate thrombosis formation in atherosclerotic mice. Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines did not enhance platelet activation, or trigger the production of PF4 and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with CAD. In light of the observed thrombotic risks associated with adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines, inactivated vaccines may offer a potentially safer option for individuals with CAD.
2019冠状病毒病疫苗与血栓形成的关联引发了冠状动脉粥样硬化疾病（CAD）患者的担忧。
在接种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗后，检测动脉粥样硬化载脂蛋白E（ApoE）小鼠的血栓形成情况，以及CAD患者的血小板活化、凝血、促血栓形成抗体谱和血小板因子4（PF4）抗体的产生情况。
用生理盐水或灭活的SARS-CoV疫苗免疫动脉粥样硬化ApoE小鼠。我们研究了氯化铁诱导的血栓形成以及流动条件下的血栓形成。连续纳入接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的住院患者，并根据疫苗接种状况进行定义。我们通过血栓弹力图（TEG）评估凝血功能，通过流式细胞术评估血小板活化标志物，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估PF4抗体和抗磷脂抗体，以及SARS-CoV-2中和抗体。
在动脉粥样硬化ApoE小鼠中，生理盐水处理组和灭活的SARS-CoV-2疫苗处理组之间，氯化铁诱导的血栓形成和流动条件下的血栓形成相似。最终分析共纳入182例接受PCI的患者，其中92例接种了疫苗。未接种疫苗组和接种疫苗组之间的基线特征平衡良好。这两组之间血小板激活标志物PAC-1和P-选择素的表达、PF4抗体和抗磷脂抗体阳性率相似。
灭活的SARS-CoV-2疫苗不会增强动脉粥样硬化小鼠的血栓形成。灭活的SARS-CoV-2疫苗不会增强CAD患者的血小板活化，也不会触发PF4和抗磷脂抗体的产生。鉴于观察到基于腺病毒的2019冠状病毒病疫苗存在血栓形成风险，灭活疫苗可能为CAD患者提供一个潜在更安全的选择。
