Moharram Fatma A, Hamed Fadila M, El-Sayed Elsayed K, Mohamed Shimaa K, Ahmed Asmaa A, Elgayed Sabah H, Abdelrazek Mohammed, Lai Kuei-Hung, Mansour Yara E, Mady Mohamed S, Elsayed Heba E
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12585, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 11;10(20):e39207. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39207. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
The burden of neurological disorders is growing substantially with limited therapeutic options, urging the consideration and assessment of alternative strategies. In this regard, we aimed to elucidate the phytochemical profile of the petroleum ether extract (PEE) of three palm tree species: Burret, H. Wendl. & Drude, and Becc. (Family Arecaceae), and to evaluate their neuroprotective effect in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced excitotoxicity model for the first time. We identified a total of 48, 18, and 45 compounds in , and , constituting 79.41 %, 60.45 %, and 76.35 % of the total detected compounds, respectively. extract was rich in the methyl esters of fatty acids (65.08 %) especially methyl dodecanoate (17.72 %). was exclusively prolific by the triterpene 3-methoxy-d:c-friedo-b':a'-neogammacer-9(11)-ene (40.36 %), while was noticeable by hydrocarbons (30.14 %) and lupeol derivatives (19.79 %). The biochemical and histopathological analysis showed that the tested extracts significantly reduced the oxidative stress, especially at the highest tested dose (1000 mg/kg). The extracts also reduced the activity of induced nitric oxide synthetase, Ca level, and NR2B subunit expression and attenuated apoptosis and DNA damage. The docking results show that most active natural compounds bind to SOD-1 and NR2B-NMDARs, verifying the credibility of the biological findings. To sum up, the PEE of the three investigated palm tree species possessed a unique blend of lipophilic bioactive constituents that exert promising neuroprotective potential against MSG-induced excitoneurotoxicity. However, further preclinical investigation and pharmaceutical formulation are needed.
随着治疗选择的有限，神经系统疾病的负担正在大幅增加，这促使人们考虑和评估替代策略。在这方面，我们旨在阐明三种棕榈树物种（Burret、H. Wendl. & Drude和Becc.，棕榈科）的石油醚提取物（PEE）的植物化学特征，并首次评估它们在谷氨酸单钠（MSG）诱导的兴奋性毒性模型中的神经保护作用。我们在[具体棕榈树物种1]、[具体棕榈树物种2]和[具体棕榈树物种3]中分别鉴定出48种、18种和45种化合物，分别占总检测化合物的79.41%、60.45%和76.35%。[具体棕榈树物种1]提取物富含脂肪酸甲酯（65.08%），尤其是十二烷酸甲酯（17.72%）。[具体棕榈树物种2]仅以三萜3-甲氧基-d:c- friedo-b':a'-新伽马蜡烷-9(11)-烯（40.36%）大量存在，而[具体棕榈树物种3]则以碳氢化合物（30.14%）和羽扇豆醇衍生物（19.79%）引人注目。生化和组织病理学分析表明，测试提取物显著降低了氧化应激，尤其是在最高测试剂量（1000 mg/kg）时。提取物还降低了诱导型一氧化氮合酶的活性、钙水平和NR2B亚基表达，并减轻了细胞凋亡和DNA损伤。对接结果表明，大多数活性天然化合物与SOD-1和NR2B-NMDARs结合，验证了生物学发现的可信度。总之，三种被研究棕榈树物种的PEE拥有独特的亲脂性生物活性成分组合，对MSG诱导的兴奋性神经毒性具有有前景的神经保护潜力。然而，还需要进一步的临床前研究和药物制剂研究。
