在南非新冠疫情期间，WiSDOM队列研究中早期职业健康专业人员的疫苗接种状况、个人及工作场所经历

Vaccination status, personal and workplace experiences of early career health professionals in the WiSDOM cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.

作者信息

Rispel Laetitia, Ditlopo Prudence, White Janine A, Blaauw Duane

机构信息

Centre for Health Policy and SARChI Chair, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 7;14(12):e089998. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089998.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089998

PMID:39645247

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11628963/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The knowledge gaps on the experiences of early career health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic informed this study, which examined their vaccination status, personal and workplace experiences in South Africa.

METHODS

ts longitudinal tudy to etermine the peration of the labour arket among its health professional graduates (WiSDOM), a prospective longitudinal cohort study established in 2017, consists of eight health professional groups of clinical associates, dentists, doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, oral hygienists, pharmacists and physiotherapists. As a part of annual follow-up surveys, we examined the personal and workplace experiences and the vaccination status of cohort members during the COVID-19 pandemic years: 2020 until 2022. We measured workplace experiences using a Likert scale that ranged from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). We constructed a composite index of positive workplace COVID-19 support using a principal component analysis.We compared differences among the professional groups using proportions for categorical variables and means for numerical variables. We used multiple linear regression to investigate factors associated with the workplace COVID-19 support score and Firth's penalised logistic regression for COVID-19 infection and vaccination.

RESULTS

In 2022, the mean age of the 363 cohort members was 28.9 (± 2.1), and the majority were female (74.2%). In 2020, 22.6% of the cohort reported COVID-19 infections but this increased to 45.3% by 2021. The composite index shows that doctors and nurses reported the lowest COVID-19 workplace support, while oral hygienists and dentists reported the most support. Although 89.5% of cohort members reported full COVID-19 vaccination status, 9.4% indicated non-intention to get vaccinated. The regression analysis showed that doctors (p<0.001) and women (p<0.05) reported significantly lower workplace COVID-19 support scores. Those working in hospitals had 17.1% higher COVID-19 infections (p<0.01). The lack of a COVID-19 supportive workplace resulted in 15.7% higher infections among early career health professionals (p<0.01).

CONCLUSION

The study findings underscore the need for positive practice environments for early career health professionals in South Africa.

摘要

引言

关于早期职业卫生专业人员在新冠疫情期间经历的知识空白为这项研究提供了依据，该研究调查了他们在南非的疫苗接种状况、个人及工作场所经历。

方法

这是一项纵向研究，旨在确定其卫生专业毕业生劳动力市场的运作情况（WiSDOM），这是一项于2017年建立的前瞻性纵向队列研究，包括临床助理、牙医、医生、护士、职业治疗师、口腔保健员、药剂师和物理治疗师八个卫生专业群体。作为年度随访调查的一部分，我们调查了队列成员在2020年至2022年新冠疫情期间的个人及工作场所经历和疫苗接种状况。我们使用从1（强烈不同意）到7（强烈同意）的李克特量表来衡量工作场所经历。我们通过主成分分析构建了一个工作场所新冠疫情积极支持的综合指数。我们使用分类变量的比例和数值变量的均值来比较专业群体之间的差异。我们使用多元线性回归来研究与工作场所新冠疫情支持得分相关的因素，并使用弗思惩罚逻辑回归来分析新冠病毒感染和疫苗接种情况。

结果

2022年，363名队列成员的平均年龄为28.9岁（±2.1），大多数为女性（74.2%）。2020年，22.6%的队列成员报告感染了新冠病毒，但到2021年这一比例增至45.3%。综合指数显示，医生和护士报告的工作场所新冠疫情支持最低，而口腔保健员和牙医报告的支持最多。尽管89.5%的队列成员报告已完成新冠病毒全程接种，但9.4%表示无意接种。回归分析表明，医生（p<0.001）和女性（p<0.05）报告的工作场所新冠疫情支持得分显著较低。在医院工作的人员新冠病毒感染率高17.1%（p<0.01）。缺乏支持新冠疫情的工作场所导致早期职业卫生专业人员的感染率高15.7%（p<0.01）。