Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2022 May 4;17(5):e0266008. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266008. eCollection 2022.
As a direct consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic, due to being exposed to chronic and multiple sources of psychological stress, healthcare workers constitute a vulnerable population. Despite the potential impact of Covid-19 on their psychological and physical health, insufficient attention has been given to their mental well-being. The primary objective of this study was to measure and understand this psychological impact on public sector doctors and nurses in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The secondary objective was to ascertain their perceptions of psychosocial support, specific to Covid-19, within the workplace. This cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted from August to October 2020, following the first surge of the pandemic in the country, and included 312 participants. Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were assessed with the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 item and post-traumatic stress was measured by the Impact of Events Scale-Revised version. Measures of employer support were assessed using an adapted closed-ended questionnaire. The participants' mean age was 36.6± 9.3 years with three quarters being male (n = 234, 75.0%) and predominantly (n = 214, 72.3%) medical doctors. Numbers of participants with depression, anxiety and stress were 121 (51.5%), 111 (47.2%) and 104 (44.3%) respectively, with 38 (16.2%), 50 (21.3%) and 38 (16.2%) in the combined severe/extremely severe range, respectively. On the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, 34 (13.7%) participants were in the severe range. Subjectively, 63.0% felt that their concerns were not 'heard', 75.1% did not feel 'cared for' and 81.1% and 74.0% did not feel 'physically' or 'psychologically' supported, respectively. High levels of depression, anxiety, stress and traumatic stress, combined with poor perceptions of employer support, highlight the need to identify and address the psychosocial support needs and expectations of healthcare workers for the duration of the pandemic, as well as for the mental health sequelae post-pandemic.
由于暴露于慢性和多种心理压力源，作为 COVID-19 大流行的直接后果，医护人员成为一个脆弱的群体。尽管 COVID-19 可能对他们的身心健康产生影响，但对他们的心理健康关注不足。本研究的主要目的是衡量和了解南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省公共部门医生和护士所受到的这种心理影响。次要目的是确定他们对工作场所中 COVID-19 特定的社会心理支持的看法。这是一项横断面电子调查，于 2020 年 8 月至 10 月进行，正值该国疫情首次激增之后，共纳入 312 名参与者。使用 21 项抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 item）评估抑郁、焦虑和压力症状，使用修订后的事件影响量表（Impact of Events Scale-Revised version）评估创伤后应激。使用改编的封闭式问卷评估雇主支持措施。参与者的平均年龄为 36.6±9.3 岁，四分之三为男性（n=234，75.0%），主要为（n=214，72.3%）医生。抑郁、焦虑和压力的参与者人数分别为 121 名（51.5%）、111 名（47.2%）和 104 名（44.3%），分别有 38 名（16.2%）、50 名（21.3%）和 38 名（16.2%）处于严重/极度严重范围。在修订后的事件影响量表中，有 34 名（13.7%）参与者处于严重范围。主观上，63.0%的人认为他们的担忧没有“被听到”，75.1%的人觉得没有“被关心”，81.1%和 74.0%的人分别没有得到“身体上”或“心理上”的支持。高水平的抑郁、焦虑、压力和创伤后应激，加上对雇主支持的不良看法，突出表明需要确定和满足医护人员在大流行期间以及大流行后心理健康后遗症的社会心理支持需求和期望。
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