Pallapothu Raghav, Newman-Norlund Roger D, Gibson Makayla, Kannan Pranesh Rajesh, Rorden Chris, Bonilha Leo, Fridriksson Julius
University of South Carolina, Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Columbia, SC.
Emory School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Atlanta, GA.
Res Sq. 2024 Nov 28:rs.3.rs-5338934. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5338934/v1.
Alzheimer's disease and related dementia are associated with significant societal costs and economic burdens and have been associated with decreases in cortical gray matter volume. This pilot cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between total fiber concentration in diet, total calorie density per diet, and regional GMV in a cohort of 190 patients aged 20 to 79 years, utilizing data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey Supplement and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) collected at the McCausland Center for Brain Imaging. Gray matter volumes were quantified using the CAT12 voxel-based morphometry toolbox and statistical correlations between GMV and dietary measures were assessed using Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient. Our exploratory analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between dietary fiber consumption and GMV in 16 different areas, including the right Hippocampus (r (190) = 0.196, p = 0.003) and left Hippocampus (r (190) = 0.135, p = 0.032), when controlling for age and race of participants. Our analyses revealed significantly negative correlations between total calorie density per diet and localized GMV in 3 different brain areas, including the right Precentral Gyrus (r (190) = -0.15, p = 0.039) and right Thalamic Pulvinar (r (190) = -0.155, p = 0.033), when controlling for participant race. Together, our initial findings suggest that dietary fiber and calorie density are associated with GMV even after controlling for relevant demographic variables. If replicated, these findings could have important implications for dietary advice given to individuals at risk for developing MCI or more serious forms of dementia.
阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症会带来巨大的社会成本和经济负担，并且与皮质灰质体积减少有关。这项初步横断面研究利用2015年美国国家健康访谈调查补充资料以及在麦考斯兰脑成像中心收集的T1加权磁共振成像（MRI）数据，调查了190名年龄在20至79岁的患者队列中饮食中的总纤维浓度、每份饮食的总热量密度与区域灰质体积（GMV）之间的关系。使用CAT12基于体素的形态计量学工具箱对灰质体积进行量化，并使用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数评估GMV与饮食指标之间的统计相关性。我们的探索性分析显示，在控制参与者的年龄和种族后，膳食纤维摄入量与16个不同区域的GMV之间存在显著正相关，包括右侧海马体（r(190)=0.196，p=0.003）和左侧海马体（r(190)=0.135，p=0.032）。我们的分析还显示，在控制参与者种族后，每份饮食的总热量密度与3个不同脑区的局部GMV之间存在显著负相关，包括右侧中央前回（r(190)=-0.15，p=0.039）和右侧丘脑枕（r(190)=-0.155，p=0.033）。总体而言，我们的初步研究结果表明，即使在控制了相关人口统计学变量之后，膳食纤维和热量密度仍与GMV相关。如果这些发现得到重复验证，可能会对向有发展为轻度认知障碍或更严重形式痴呆症风险的个体提供的饮食建议产生重要影响。
