Li H W, Zhang J, Zheng Q, Li B, Li Z S
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.
Zhaoxian Experimental Station, Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 051530 Shijiazhuang, China.
Photosynthetica. 2022 Aug 22;60(3):445-456. doi: 10.32615/ps.2022.037. eCollection 2022.
Semidwarf wheat contributes to significant yield increase worldwide, however, few dwarf cultivars of wheat are cultivated due to grain yield penalty. In this study, a new dwarf wheat L., cv. Xiaoyan 101, was investigated to explore its photosynthetic performance and yield potential. In the comparison of the semidwarf wheat cultivars, Jing 411 and Xiaoyan 101, although the first three leaves (including flag leaves) did not differ significantly in both genotypes, Xiaoyan 101 conferred a higher content of photosynthetic pigments and higher photochemical efficiency but had lower contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in lower leaves in the canopy. In addition, the antioxidant enzymes-encoding genes were upregulated while the senescence-associated genes (, , , and ) were downregulated in lower leaves in the canopy of Xiaoyan 101. Ultimately, Xiaoyan 101 produced approximate or even higher grain yield than the local semidwarf wheat varieties. Therefore, it is possible to breed dwarf wheat with enhanced photosynthetic activity but without yield sacrifice.
半矮秆小麦对全球显著增产做出了贡献，然而，由于产量损失，很少有矮秆小麦品种得到种植。在本研究中，对一种新的矮秆小麦L.，品种小偃101进行了研究，以探索其光合性能和产量潜力。在半矮秆小麦品种京411和小偃101的比较中，尽管两个基因型的前三片叶（包括旗叶）没有显著差异，但小偃101具有更高的光合色素含量和更高的光化学效率，但其冠层下部叶片中的过氧化氢和丙二醛含量较低。此外，在小偃101冠层下部叶片中，抗氧化酶编码基因上调，而衰老相关基因（，，，和）下调。最终，小偃101的籽粒产量与当地半矮秆小麦品种相近甚至更高。因此，有可能培育出具有增强光合活性但不牺牲产量的矮秆小麦。
