Hafed Azizah B, Abdulkareem Roaa K, Almalki Atheer M, Alradadi Jana I, Aldosari Amjad, Khan Zubaida H
Anatomy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.
Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 6;16(11):e73180. doi: 10.7759/cureus.73180. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to perform synthetic, excretory, and metabolic functions. CKD is associated with various pathophysiological conditions that impact multiple organs, including the thyroid gland, which primarily secretes triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This study aims to assess thyroid function in patients with CKD and explore the relationship between renal disease severity and thyroid function. Methods This retrospective study included 200 patients with CKD who were admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City Hospital, a tertiary center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2016 and 2023. Patients were selected based on their age and health status. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect key demographic, renal, and thyroid function test data, which were then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (Released 2011; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results Out of the 200 CKD patients analyzed in this study, 120 (60%) were male and 80 (40%) were female. The results showed that 73.4% (n = 149) had normal thyroid function (euthyroidism). Thirty-nine patients (20.5%) had hypothyroidism, while only two patients (1.1%) had hyperthyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), FT3, and FT4 levels were measured across various stages of CKD. Hypothyroidism was most prevalent in stages 5 (30.8%) and 4 (23.1%) based on FT3 levels. It was highest in CKD stage 5 (38.5%) and stage 3 (30.8%) based on T4 levels. Hyperthyroidism was observed in CKD stages 3 (50.0%) and 5 (50.0%) based on TSH levels. Conclusions Patients with CKD exhibit fluctuations in T3 and TSH levels, with thyroid dysfunction increasing in parallel with the severity of renal disease.
背景 慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种进行性且不可逆的疾病，其中肾脏丧失其执行合成、排泄和代谢功能的能力。CKD与多种影响多个器官的病理生理状况相关，包括主要分泌三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）和甲状腺素（T4）的甲状腺。本研究旨在评估CKD患者的甲状腺功能，并探讨肾脏疾病严重程度与甲状腺功能之间的关系。方法 这项回顾性研究纳入了2016年至2023年间在沙特阿拉伯吉达的三级中心阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城医院住院的200例CKD患者。根据患者的年龄和健康状况进行选择。使用预先设计的问卷收集关键的人口统计学、肾脏和甲状腺功能测试数据，然后使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 20.0版（2011年发布；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）进行分析。结果 在本研究分析的200例CKD患者中，120例（60%）为男性，80例（40%）为女性。结果显示，73.4%（n = 149）的患者甲状腺功能正常（甲状腺功能正常）。39例患者（20.5%）患有甲状腺功能减退，而只有2例患者（1.1%）患有甲状腺功能亢进。在CKD的各个阶段测量了促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离T3和游离T4水平。根据游离T3水平，甲状腺功能减退在5期（30.8%）和4期（23.1%）最为普遍。根据T4水平，在CKD 5期（38.5%）和3期（30.8%）最高。根据TSH水平，在CKD 3期（50.0%）和5期（50.0%）观察到甲状腺功能亢进。结论 CKD患者的T3和TSH水平存在波动，甲状腺功能障碍随着肾脏疾病的严重程度而增加。
