Kaymaz Kübra, Brunet-Llobet Lluís, Rocha-Eiroa María Dolores, Ramírez-Rámiz Albert, Mahmoud Muhiddin Abdi, Mashala Elias Isaack, Miranda-Rius Jaume
Master of Public Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Private Dental Practice, Aberdeen, UK.
Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Odontology. 2024 Dec 9. doi: 10.1007/s10266-024-01031-y.
Several studies have proposed the existence of an association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on biological premises. There is growing evidence that chronic inflammation caused by periodontitis may contribute to the progression of CKD. The present study aimed to investigate studies that link CKD and periodontitis, including periodontitis proxies such as oral hygiene and tooth loss, and patient-related factors such as inflammatory response and genetic polymorphisms. An electronic search was conducted on the MEDLINE (Pubmed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, and Web of Science databases using an advanced search option up until August 2024. Thirty-two studies were included: 4 interventional, 16 cohort, and 12 case-control. Overall, the prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in patients with CKD: the diagnosis of periodontal disease was associated with an increase in the risk of incident CKD, and parameters of periodontal disease were negatively correlated with kidney function. Inside the field of periodontal medicine, the current evidence indicates a possible association between CKD and periodontitis and supports future longitudinal studies to investigate the two-way relationship between the diseases and their pathophysiology, and possibly to establish cause and effect.
多项研究基于生物学前提提出牙周炎与慢性肾脏病（CKD）之间存在关联。越来越多的证据表明，牙周炎引起的慢性炎症可能促使CKD病情进展。本研究旨在调查将CKD与牙周炎联系起来的研究，包括牙周炎的替代指标如口腔卫生和牙齿缺失，以及与患者相关的因素如炎症反应和基因多态性。截至2024年8月，使用高级搜索选项对MEDLINE（PubMed）、Cochrane对照试验中心注册库（CENTRAL）、Scopus和科学网数据库进行了电子检索。纳入了32项研究：4项干预性研究、16项队列研究和12项病例对照研究。总体而言，CKD患者中牙周炎的患病率显著更高：牙周疾病的诊断与新发CKD风险增加相关，牙周疾病参数与肾功能呈负相关。在牙周医学领域，目前的证据表明CKD与牙周炎之间可能存在关联，并支持未来开展纵向研究以调查这两种疾病之间的双向关系及其病理生理学，甚至可能确定因果关系。
