Liu Jingyu, Wang Yimu, Wu Lingsha, Wang Lingyu, Fang Haiyan
Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
College of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 6;103(49):e40906. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040906.
The influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students were analyzed through meta-analysis to provide the corresponding basis for its prevention and treatment.
The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP database, China Biology Medicine Disc, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of science were searched for the literature on the influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students was retrieved from the science database from the establishment of the database to July 17, 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale was used to score the quality of cohort and case-control studies included in the study. The cross-sectional studies were scored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Two researchers independently screened the literature, and if there was no consensus, the third party would make a judgment on whether to include the literature. The extracted content included the first author, publication year, country, study type, sample size, and influencing factors. Stata17.0 software was used for meta-analysis.
A total of 23 studies were included, with a total sample size of 18,080 cases. Current evidence shows that the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students is 70.3% (95%CI: 62.7-77.9%), and the combined odd ratio values (95%CI) of the main influencing factors are: family history of dysmenorrhea 2.116 (1.613-2.776), early age at menarche 2.200 (1.392-3.477), irregular menstrual cycle 1.662 (1.166-2.367), drinking cold drinks 1.717 (1.220-2.417), high caffeine intake 2.082 (1.379-3.144), stress 1.895 (1.515-2.282), medical specialty 1.827 (1.365-2.445), and adequate sleep 0.328 (0.232-0.463).
The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea is high in female college students, and adequate sleep is a protective factor for primary dysmenorrhea. Family history of dysmenorrhea, early age at menarche, irregular menstrual cycle, drinking cold drinks, high caffeine intake, stress, and medical specialty were all risk factors.
通过荟萃分析探讨女大学生原发性痛经的影响因素，为其防治提供依据。
检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆及Web of science等数据库，收集自建库至2023年7月17日关于女大学生原发性痛经影响因素的文献。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量量表对纳入研究的队列研究和病例对照研究进行质量评分，横断面研究采用美国医疗保健研究与质量局评分标准。由两名研究者独立筛选文献，意见不一致时由第三方决定是否纳入。提取内容包括第一作者、发表年份、国家、研究类型、样本量及影响因素等。使用Stata17.0软件进行荟萃分析。
共纳入23项研究，总样本量为18080例。现有证据显示，女大学生原发性痛经的患病率为70.3%（95%CI：62.7-77.9%），主要影响因素的合并比值比（95%CI）分别为：痛经家族史2.116（1.613-2.776）、初潮年龄早2.200（1.392-3.477）、月经周期不规律1.662（1.166-2.367）、饮用冷饮1.717（1.220-2.417）、咖啡因摄入量高2.082（1.379-3.144）、压力1.895（1.515-2.282）、医学专业1.827（1.365-2.445）、充足睡眠0.328（0.232-0.463）。
女大学生原发性痛经患病率较高，充足睡眠是原发性痛经的保护因素，痛经家族史、初潮年龄早、月经周期不规律、饮用冷饮、咖啡因摄入量高、压力及医学专业均为危险因素。
