Alum Esther Ugo, Tufail Tabussam, Agu Peter Chinedu, Akinloye Dorcas Ibukun, Obaroh Israel O
Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 6;103(49):e40241. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040241.
Malaria has posed a momentous health and economic burden to the Sub-Saharan African region. The Sub-Saharan African region accounts for more than 90% of global malaria-related mortality and morbidity. Pregnant women and children under 5 years old are the most vulnerable. Mosquitoes transmit the plasmodium which is the parasite responsible for malaria. The climatic conditions, poverty, and poor healthcare system of the Sub-Saharan African region are some factors fueling this menace. There have been concerted efforts to annihilate malaria but the scuffle has been a tedious one. Malarial eradication campaigns have been focused on mosquito control through the use of insecticide-treated bed nets, use of indoor insecticide sprays, and use of larvicides. The use of artemisinin in combination with other drugs has been effective to some extent. Despite the aforementioned strategies, the pervasiveness of malaria infection in the Sub-Saharan African region is worrisome. Thus, strengthening the already existing control measures, finding novel measures through intensive research, and embracing malaria vaccination could help accelerate the overcoming of this scuffle. In this review, we utilized relevant published data from various databases to reexamine the factors fueling malaria pervasiveness in this region and spelled out point-by-point intervention protocols to end malaria scuffle.
疟疾给撒哈拉以南非洲地区带来了巨大的健康和经济负担。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的疟疾相关死亡率和发病率占全球的90%以上。孕妇和5岁以下儿童最为脆弱。蚊子传播导致疟疾的疟原虫寄生虫。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的气候条件、贫困和糟糕的医疗体系是助长这一威胁的一些因素。人们一直在齐心协力消灭疟疾，但这场斗争一直很艰难。疟疾根除运动一直专注于通过使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐、室内喷洒杀虫剂和使用杀幼虫剂来控制蚊子。青蒿素与其他药物联合使用在一定程度上是有效的。尽管有上述策略，但撒哈拉以南非洲地区疟疾感染的普遍程度令人担忧。因此，加强现有的控制措施、通过深入研究找到新的措施以及采用疟疾疫苗接种有助于加速这场斗争的胜利。在这篇综述中，我们利用来自各种数据库的相关已发表数据，重新审视了助长该地区疟疾普遍存在的因素，并逐点阐述了结束疟疾斗争的干预方案。
