客体特征记忆会被类别结构扭曲。

Object Feature Memory Is Distorted by Category Structure.

作者信息

Tandoc Marlie C, Dong Cody V, Schapiro Anna C

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

出版信息

Open Mind (Camb). 2024 Nov 22;8:1348-1368. doi: 10.1162/opmi_a_00170. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Memory systems constantly confront the challenge of capturing both the shared features that connect experiences together and the unique features that distinguish them. Across two experiments, we leveraged a color memory distortion paradigm to investigate how we handle this representational tension when learning new information. Over a thirty-minute period, participants learned shared and unique features of categories of novel objects, where each feature was assigned a particular color. While participants did not differ in how accurately they remembered these features overall, when inaccurate, participants misremembered the color of shared (relative to unique) features as more similar to the category's average color, suggesting more integration of shared features in memory. This same rapid representational warping manifested in a neural network model trained on the same categories. The work reveals how memories for different features are rapidly and differentially warped as a function of their roles in a category.

摘要

记忆系统始终面临着捕捉将各种经历联系在一起的共同特征以及区分这些经历的独特特征的挑战。在两项实验中,我们利用一种颜色记忆扭曲范式来研究在学习新信息时我们是如何处理这种表征张力的。在30分钟的时间里,参与者学习了新颖物体类别的共同特征和独特特征,其中每个特征都被赋予了一种特定的颜色。虽然参与者在总体上记忆这些特征的准确性方面没有差异,但当出现记忆错误时,参与者会将共同(相对于独特)特征的颜色错误记忆为更类似于该类别的平均颜色,这表明共同特征在记忆中得到了更多的整合。这种相同的快速表征扭曲也出现在基于相同类别进行训练的神经网络模型中。这项研究揭示了不同特征的记忆是如何根据它们在类别中的作用而快速且有差异地发生扭曲的。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1f5b/11627532/7e174fed5c71/opmi-08-1348-g001.jpg

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