Block Ngaybe Maiya G, Mantina Namoonga, Pope Benjamin, Raghuraman Veena, Marczak Jacob, Velickovic Sonja, Jordan Dominique, Kinkade Mary, Perez-Velez Carlos Mario, Krauss Beatrice J, Advani Shailesh M, Bell Melanie, Madhivanan Purnima
Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, Arizona, United States.
Division of Epidemiology, Pima County Health Department, Tucson, Arizona, United States.
PeerJ. 2024 Dec 6;12:e18316. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18316. eCollection 2024.
Vaccine hesitancy has been ranked as one of the top 10 threats to global health by the World Health Organization. The 5C model (Confidence, Calculation of risk, Complacency, Collective Responsibility, and Constraints) and an accompanying tool to measure vaccine hesitancy, summarize several significant explanatory variables, and move beyond the most common explanatory variable, Confidence.
From January to May 2021, we administered a cross-sectional survey among adults in Pima County, Arizona in collaboration with the local health department to assess psychological antecedents to (., psychological factors that lead to) COVID-19 vaccination using the 5C Scale. Participants were recruited virtually for the survey using multiple recruitment methods. Unadjusted and adjusted hierarchical ordinal logistic regressions were conducted to determine if the 5C variables had an association with intention to vaccinate (or intent to vaccinate) against COVID-19.
Of the 1,823 participants who responded to the survey, 924 (76%) were included in the final analyses. Respondents were White (71%), non-Hispanic (59%), Female (68%), Liberal (37%) and Married (46%). The average age of the participants was 43.9 (±1.3) years. Based on the 5C Scale, Confidence (adjOR:3.64, CI [3.08-4.29]), Collective Responsibility (adjOR:1.94, CI [1.57-2.39]) and Complacency (adjOR:0.64, CI [0.51-0.80]) were significantly associated with intention to vaccinate against COVID-19.
Three of the five 5C variables were associated with the intention to vaccinate, two positively and one negatively. A limitation of the study was that the sample was not weighted to be representative of Pima County. Future research should focus on determining which interventions can bolster Confidence and Collective Responsibility attitudes in communities, while dampening Complacency, to better promote vaccine uptake.
疫苗犹豫被世界卫生组织列为全球健康面临的十大威胁之一。5C模型（信心、风险计算、自满、集体责任和限制因素）以及一个用于衡量疫苗犹豫程度的配套工具，总结了几个重要的解释变量，并超越了最常见的解释变量——信心。
2021年1月至5月，我们与当地卫生部门合作，在亚利桑那州皮马县的成年人中开展了一项横断面调查，使用5C量表评估新冠病毒疫苗接种的心理前因（即导致接种的心理因素）。通过多种招募方法虚拟招募参与者进行调查。进行了未调整和调整后的分层有序逻辑回归分析，以确定5C变量是否与新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿（或接种意图）相关。
在1823名回复调查的参与者中，924名（76%）被纳入最终分析。受访者为白人（71%）、非西班牙裔（59%）、女性（68%）、自由派（37%）且已婚（46%）。参与者的平均年龄为43.9（±1.3）岁。根据5C量表，信心（调整后的比值比：3.64，置信区间[3.08 - 4.29]）、集体责任（调整后的比值比：1.94，置信区间[1.57 - 2.39]）和自满（调整后的比值比：0.64，置信区间[0.51 - 0.80]）与新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿显著相关。
5C变量中的三个与接种意愿相关，两个呈正相关，一个呈负相关。该研究的一个局限性是样本未加权以代表皮马县。未来的研究应专注于确定哪些干预措施可以增强社区中的信心和集体责任态度，同时减少自满情绪，以更好地促进疫苗接种。
