Teulé-Trull Marta, Altuna Pablo, Arregui María, Rodriguez-Ciurana Xavier, Aparicio Conrado
SCOI-Study and Control of Oral Infections Lab, Faculty of Odontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain.
Treatment and Rehabilitation of the Oral and Maxillofacial Patient Lab, Faculty of Odontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain.
Dent Mater. 2025 Mar;41(3):229-247. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.001. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
Despite the high survival rates of dental implants, peri-implantitis is a prevalent complication. Peri-implantitis is related to biofilm that adheres to the surface of implants and causes peri-implant chronic inflammation and bone destruction. Different surface treatments have been proposed to prevent biofilm formation. The objective of this systematic review was analyzing different types of antimicrobial coatings and identifying the most effective one(s) to control bacterial colonization over extended periods of analysis.
DATA, SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: We performed a bibliographic search in Pubmed and Cochrane base of articles published after 2010 to answer, according to the PICO system, the following question: What is the most effective antibacterial surface coating for dental implants? Only papers including a minimum follow-up bacteria growth analysis for at least 48 h were selected. After selection, the studies were classified using the PRISMA system. A total of 40 studies were included.
Three main categories of coatings were identified: Antibacterial peptides, synthetic antimicrobial molecules (polymers, antibiotics, …), and metallic nanoparticles (silver). Antibacterial peptide coatings to modify dental implant surfaces have been the most studied and effective surface modification to control bacterial colonization over extended periods of incubation as they are highly potent, durable and biocompatible. However, more in vitro and pre-clinical studies are needed to assess their true potential as a technology for preventing peri-implant infections.
尽管牙种植体的存活率很高，但种植体周围炎是一种常见的并发症。种植体周围炎与附着在种植体表面的生物膜有关，会导致种植体周围慢性炎症和骨质破坏。人们提出了不同的表面处理方法来防止生物膜形成。本系统评价的目的是分析不同类型的抗菌涂层，并确定在延长的分析期内控制细菌定植最有效的涂层。
数据、来源和研究选择：我们在PubMed和Cochrane数据库中对2010年后发表的文章进行了文献检索，以根据PICO系统回答以下问题：用于牙种植体的最有效的抗菌表面涂层是什么？仅选择了至少对细菌生长进行48小时随访分析的论文。选择后，使用PRISMA系统对研究进行分类。共纳入40项研究。
确定了三类主要涂层：抗菌肽、合成抗菌分子（聚合物、抗生素等）和金属纳米颗粒（银）。用于修饰牙种植体表面的抗菌肽涂层是研究最多且最有效的表面修饰方法，可在延长的孵育期内控制细菌定植，因为它们高效、耐用且具有生物相容性。然而，需要更多的体外和临床前研究来评估其作为预防种植体周围感染技术的真正潜力。
