Li Penghui, Huang Di
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China.
Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Nov 26;12:1507621. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1507621. eCollection 2024.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most prevalent and fatal malignancies worldwide, consistently ranking among the top three in terms of incidence and mortality. Despite notable advancements in early detection and therapeutic interventions, survival outcomes for advanced-stage CRC are still dismal, largely due to issues such as drug resistance and metastasis. Recent research has increasingly implicated the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as a pivotal contributor to CRC pathogenesis. This evolutionarily conserved pathway plays a key role in transmitting extracellular signals to the nucleus, thereby modulating gene expression involved in numerous fundamental biological processes. In CRC, dysregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway is frequently observed and is strongly associated with tumor progression, including processes such as cellular proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, immune evasion, and the sustenance of cancer stem cells. Given its integral role in CRC advancement, the JAK-STAT pathway has gained recognition as a viable therapeutic target. Extensive evidence from preclinical and clinical models supports the efficacy and safety of targeting components of the JAK-STAT pathway, presenting new therapeutic possibilities for patients with CRC, particularly in addressing drug resistance and enhancing treatment outcomes. This review offers a detailed exploration of the JAK-STAT pathway, focusing on its regulatory mechanisms in CRC-related malignancies. Moreover, it examines the association between JAK-STAT protein expression, clinical features, prognosis, and its therapeutic potential in CRC management.
结直肠癌（CRC）仍然是全球最常见且致命的恶性肿瘤之一，在发病率和死亡率方面一直位居前三。尽管在早期检测和治疗干预方面取得了显著进展，但晚期CRC的生存结果仍然不容乐观，这在很大程度上是由于耐药性和转移等问题。最近的研究越来越多地表明，JAK-STAT信号通路是CRC发病机制的关键促成因素。这条进化上保守的通路在将细胞外信号传递到细胞核方面起着关键作用，从而调节参与众多基本生物学过程的基因表达。在CRC中，经常观察到JAK-STAT通路失调，并且与肿瘤进展密切相关，包括细胞增殖、凋亡、转移、免疫逃逸和癌症干细胞维持等过程。鉴于其在CRC进展中的不可或缺的作用，JAK-STAT通路已被公认为一个可行的治疗靶点。来自临床前和临床模型的大量证据支持靶向JAK-STAT通路成分的有效性和安全性，为CRC患者提供了新的治疗可能性，特别是在解决耐药性和提高治疗效果方面。这篇综述对JAK-STAT通路进行了详细探讨，重点关注其在CRC相关恶性肿瘤中的调节机制。此外，它还研究了JAK-STAT蛋白表达、临床特征、预后之间的关联以及其在CRC治疗中的潜力。
