Mrozowska-Nyckowska Karolina, Paradowska-Stankiewicz Iwona
Zakład Epidemiologii Chorób Zakaźnych i Nadzoru, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego PZH - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2024 Dec 10;78(3):359-368. doi: 10.32394/pe/194863. Epub 2024 Oct 28.
Mumps, also known as Sudden parotitis, is a viral disease whose main source of infection is the sick/infected person. It posed a serious public health threat in Poland before the introduction of mandatory vaccination. In 2003, Poland introduced the Immunization Program, which included a two-dose vaccination against mumps as part of the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine for all children.
The study aimed to assess the epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2022 compared to previous years, including an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The analysis of the epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2022 was based on the interpretation of data published in the annual bulletin: "Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland in 2022" and "Vaccinations in Poland in 2022".
In 2022, 922 cases of mumps were registered in Poland. This was a 90.5% increase compared to 2021 when 484 cases were recorded. The total incidence was 2.4 per 100,000 residents, 84.6% higher than in 2021. The highest incidence of 3.4 per 100 000 residents was registered in the Mazowieckie voivodeship, and the lowest, as in the previous year, was 1.0/100 000 residents in the Dolnośląskie voivodeship. The highest incidence (12.9/100 000) was recorded in children aged 0-4 and 5-9 (16.1/100 000). The incidence in men (3.0/100 000) was higher than in women (1.9/100 000). In 2022, the number of hospitalizations for mumps in Poland was 20, an increase of 122.2% compared to 2021, when 9 people were hospitalized.
The year 2022 showed an overall upward trend in registered mumps cases. The decrease in the number of mumps cases in 2021 was a result of the ongoing pandemic. The restrictions implemented during the pandemic period contributed to a decrease in the number of cases of various droplet-transmitted diseases, including mumps. Still, the observed number of mumps cases in 2022 remains below levels observed during the pre-pandemic COVID-19 period (2019).
腮腺炎，又称突发性腮腺炎，是一种病毒性疾病，主要传染源为患病/感染者。在强制接种疫苗之前，它在波兰构成了严重的公共卫生威胁。2003年，波兰引入了免疫计划，其中包括为所有儿童接种两剂腮腺炎疫苗，作为麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗的一部分。
本研究旨在评估2022年波兰腮腺炎的流行病学情况，并与前几年进行比较，包括分析新冠疫情的影响。
对2022年波兰腮腺炎流行病学情况的分析基于对年度公报中公布的数据的解读：《2022年波兰的传染病和中毒情况》以及《2022年波兰的疫苗接种情况》。
2022年，波兰登记了922例腮腺炎病例。与2021年记录的484例相比，增加了90.5%。总发病率为每10万居民2.4例，比2021年高出84.6%。发病率最高的是马佐夫舍省，为每10万居民3.4例，最低的是下西里西亚省，与上一年一样，为每10万居民1.0例。发病率最高的是0-4岁儿童（12.9/10万）和5-9岁儿童（16.1/10万）。男性的发病率（3.0/10万）高于女性（1.9/10万）。2022年，波兰因腮腺炎住院的人数为20人，与2021年的9人相比增加了122.2%。
2022年登记的腮腺炎病例总体呈上升趋势。2021年腮腺炎病例数的减少是持续疫情的结果。疫情期间实施的限制措施导致包括腮腺炎在内的各种飞沫传播疾病的病例数减少。不过，2022年观察到的腮腺炎病例数仍低于新冠疫情前（2019年）观察到的水平。
