Lee Sun Ah, Fisher Zachary, Almeida David M
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802,United States.
Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
Ann Behav Med. 2025 Jan 4;59(1). doi: 10.1093/abm/kaae072.
The daily dynamics among affect, physical activity, and sleep are often explored by taking a unidirectional approach. Yet, obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the reciprocal dynamics among affect and health behaviors is crucial for promoting daily well-being.
This study examined the reciprocal associations among affect, physical activity, and sleep in daily life in a U.S. national sample of mid- and later-life adults.
The study sample included 1,171 participants (mean age = 62.61 years, SD = 10.26 years, 57% female, 82% White) with 9,033 daily interview days from the daily diary project of the third wave of the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS III). Participants reported their daily experiences across eight consecutive days. Using a dynamic structural equation modeling, we examined day-to-day autoregressive and cross-lagged associations among positive and negative affect, physical activity, and sleep.
Results revealed that higher positive affect predicted a greater likelihood of engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and better sleep quality the following day. Higher sleep quality predicted increased positive affect, reduced negative affect, and a greater likelihood of MVPA engagement the next day. Longer sleep duration predicted lower negative affect the following day. However, MVPA engagement predicted subsequent higher negative affect.
Findings underscore the importance of simultaneously considering affect, physical activity, and sleep in studying their day-to-day dynamics, and the protective role of positive affect and sleep quality in daily life. Maintaining high positive affect and managing sleep quality may be important intervention targets for enhancing daily well-being.
情感、身体活动和睡眠之间的日常动态关系通常采用单向方法进行探究。然而，全面理解情感与健康行为之间的相互动态关系对于促进日常幸福感至关重要。
本研究在美国中年及老年成年人的全国样本中，考察了情感、身体活动和睡眠在日常生活中的相互关联。
研究样本包括1171名参与者（平均年龄 = 62.61岁，标准差 = 10.26岁，57%为女性，82%为白人），他们参与了美国中年研究（MIDUS III）第三波每日日记项目的9033个每日访谈日。参与者连续八天报告他们的日常经历。使用动态结构方程模型，我们考察了积极和消极情感、身体活动和睡眠之间的逐日自回归和交叉滞后关联。
结果显示，较高的积极情感预示着第二天进行中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的可能性更大，睡眠质量更好。较高的睡眠质量预示着第二天积极情感增加、消极情感减少以及进行MVPA的可能性更大。较长的睡眠时间预示着第二天消极情感降低。然而，进行MVPA预示着随后消极情感增加。
研究结果强调了在研究情感、身体活动和睡眠的日常动态关系时同时考虑它们的重要性，以及积极情感和睡眠质量在日常生活中的保护作用。保持高度积极情感和管理睡眠质量可能是增强日常幸福感的重要干预目标。
