Zaidalkilani Ayah Talal, Al-Kuraishy Hayder M, Al-Gareeb Ali I, Alexiou Athanasios, Papadakis Marios, Al-Farga Ammar, Alghamdi Othman A, Bahaa Mostafa M, Alrouji Mohammed, Alshammari Mohammed S, Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, 11196, Jordan.
Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
J Cell Mol Med. 2024 Dec;28(23):e70067. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70067.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level. MetS development is affected by endocrine hormones such as prolactin (PRL) hormone which induce insulin resistance and central obesity because PRL is implicated in the pathogenesis of MetS. Pituitary PRL controls mammary gland, however extra-pituitary PRL is highly intricate in the regulation of adipose tissue function. In addition, cAMP activators enhance expression and release of PRL which involved in the control of lipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Consequently, hyperprolactinaemia may be associated with the development of MetS. However, normal physiological level of PRL is essential for insulin sensitivity and regulation of adipose tissue function and energy metabolism. Therefore, PRL has dual effects on the components of MetS. Hence, the present review aims to discuss the modulatory mechanistic role of PRL on MetS regarding its beneficial and detrimental effects.
代谢综合征（MetS）是腹型肥胖、高血压、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症和低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平的聚集。MetS的发展受内分泌激素如催乳素（PRL）的影响，PRL激素会诱导胰岛素抵抗和中心性肥胖，因为PRL与MetS的发病机制有关。垂体PRL控制乳腺，然而垂体外PRL在脂肪组织功能的调节中非常复杂。此外，cAMP激活剂可增强PRL的表达和释放，PRL参与脂肪生成和能量稳态的控制。因此，高催乳素血症可能与MetS的发展有关。然而，PRL的正常生理水平对于胰岛素敏感性以及脂肪组织功能和能量代谢的调节至关重要。因此，PRL对MetS的组成成分具有双重作用。因此，本综述旨在讨论PRL对MetS的调节机制作用及其有益和有害影响。
