Hossain Syed Ishtiaque, Sarker Rapty, Islam Sardar Mohammad Ashraful, Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed, Qusar Mma Shalahuddin, Islam Md Rabiul
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2025 Feb;16(1):72-80. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0222. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent mental health condition that impacts daily life. It is thought to be associated with genetic, biological, and structural brain changes, serotonergic abnormalities, altered neuromodulation, and environmental factors. Limited observational studies have examined cytokines in Bangladeshi patients with OCD. This study aimed to assess the levels of eotaxin-1 and interleukin (IL)-34 in individuals with this disorder.
This case-control observational study included 58 patients with OCD and 30 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The severity of OCD was assessed using the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS). Psychiatrists evaluated participants according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Serum levels of eotaxin-1 and IL-34 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Patients with OCD exhibited significantly higher serum eotaxin-1 levels (121.13±7.84 pg/mL) than HCs (85.52±9.42 pg/mL). Conversely, IL-34 levels were considerably lower in patients than in HCs (119.02±14.53 pg/mL vs. 179.96±27.88 pg/mL). The Cohen d values for eotaxin-1 and IL-34 were 0.55 and -0.48, respectively. Among patients with OCD, a significant positive correlation was found between serum eotaxin-1 level and Y-BOCS score, along with a negative correlation between serum eotaxin-1 and IL-34 levels.
The findings suggest that altered eotaxin-1 and IL-34 levels may be associated with OCD. These chemokines and cytokines could serve as primary tools for assessing the risk of OCD, warranting further clinical investigation. This could potentially support more extensive research and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
强迫症（OCD）是一种影响日常生活的常见心理健康状况。它被认为与遗传、生物学和大脑结构变化、血清素异常、神经调节改变以及环境因素有关。有限的观察性研究已经对孟加拉国强迫症患者的细胞因子进行了检测。本研究旨在评估患有这种疾病的个体中嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1和白细胞介素（IL）-34的水平。
这项病例对照观察性研究纳入了58例强迫症患者和30名年龄、性别和体重指数相匹配的健康对照者（HCs）。使用耶鲁-布朗强迫症量表（Y-BOCS）评估强迫症的严重程度。精神科医生根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版对参与者进行评估。使用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒测量血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1和IL-34的水平。
强迫症患者的血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1水平（121.13±7.84 pg/mL）显著高于健康对照者（85.52±9.42 pg/mL）。相反，患者的IL-34水平明显低于健康对照者（119.02±14.53 pg/mL对179.96±27.88 pg/mL）。嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1和IL-34的Cohen d值分别为0.55和-0.48。在强迫症患者中，血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1水平与Y-BOCS评分之间存在显著正相关，血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1与IL-34水平之间存在负相关。
研究结果表明，嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-1和IL-34水平的改变可能与强迫症有关。这些趋化因子和细胞因子可作为评估强迫症风险的主要工具，值得进一步的临床研究。这可能潜在地支持更广泛的研究以及针对这些途径的诊断和治疗策略的开发。
